Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
Environ Int. 2022 Feb;160:107073. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.107073. Epub 2022 Jan 5.
The levels of potentially toxic metal(loid)s (PTMs) As, Cu, Co, Cr, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in resuspended street dust (<100 μm particles) from a megacity in north China were determined. The sources of PTMs in resuspended street dust were analyzed using multivariate statistical analysis and positive matrix factorization methods that combined the spatial distributions of PTMs. Average levels of Zn, As, Pb, Cu, Co, and Hg exceeded those found in local soil samples, while those of Cr, Mn, and Ni were less than their background levels found in local soil. The overall contamination of PTMs in resuspended street dust was characterized as moderately contaminated and as uncontaminated to moderately contaminated. The ecological risk associated with Hg was very high, while the ecological risks associated with Cu, Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were low. The overall ecological risk of PTMs was defined as high, driven by Hg. The non-carcinogenic risks of PTMs to inhabitants fell within safety limits, and the carcinogenic risks of As, Co, Cr, and Ni were below receivable values. A comprehensive analysis of PTMs sources revealed that Co, Zn, Cu, and Pb were principally associated with traffic emissions, which accounted for about 38.3% of these PTMs' contents. Mn, Ni, and Cr were mainly generated by natural source, which contributed to about 41.5% of these PTMs' concentrations. Hg and As were primarily derived from coal-related industrial source, which accounted for 77.9% of Hg and 62.9% of As in resuspended street dust. This study demonstrates that coal-related industrial discharges and traffic emissions are the main anthropogenic sources of PTMs contamination in resuspended street dust in the study area.
本研究测定了中国北方一座特大城市再悬浮街道灰尘（<100μm 颗粒）中潜在有毒金属（类金属）（PTMs）砷（As）、铜（Cu）、钴（Co）、铬（Cr）、汞（Hg）、锰（Mn）、镍（Ni）、铅（Pb）和锌（Zn）的水平。利用多元统计分析和正矩阵因子分析方法，结合 PTMs 的空间分布，分析了再悬浮街道灰尘中 PTMs 的来源。再悬浮街道灰尘中 Zn、As、Pb、Cu、Co 和 Hg 的平均水平高于当地土壤样本中的含量，而 Cr、Mn 和 Ni 的水平则低于当地土壤中的背景水平。再悬浮街道灰尘中 PTMs 的总体污染程度为中度污染，无污染至中度污染。与 Cu、Co、Cr、Mn、Ni、Pb 和 Zn 相比，Hg 引起的生态风险很高。总体而言，PTMs 的生态风险被定义为高，这主要是由 Hg 引起的。PTMs 对居民的非致癌风险处于安全范围内，而 As、Co、Cr 和 Ni 的致癌风险低于可接受值。对 PTMs 来源的综合分析表明，Co、Zn、Cu 和 Pb 主要与交通排放有关，占这些 PTMs 含量的约 38.3%。Mn、Ni 和 Cr 主要来源于自然源，占这些 PTMs 浓度的约 41.5%。Hg 和 As 主要来源于与煤相关的工业源，占再悬浮街道灰尘中 Hg 的 77.9%和 As 的 62.9%。本研究表明，与煤相关的工业排放和交通排放是研究区域再悬浮街道灰尘中 PTMs 污染的主要人为来源。
