Cartier M S, Davidoff A, Warneke L A, Hirsh M P, Bannon S, Sutton M S, Doubilet P M
Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1987 Nov;149(5):1003-7. doi: 10.2214/ajr.149.5.1003.
Measurements of the fetal aorta and pulmonary artery can aid in the detection and diagnosis of congenital heart defects. In a prospective study of 403 normal fetuses whose gestational ages were between 14 and 42 weeks, two-dimensional (2D) real-time and M-mode echocardiography were used to measure the diameters of the aortic root and the pulmonary artery in utero. The goals were to establish norms for the diameters of these structures as a function of both gestational age and biparietal diameter, to compare measurements obtained in systole and diastole, and to compare 2D and M-mode measurements. A high correlation was found between measurements made during systole and diastole (r = .994 for aorta, r = .996 for pulmonary artery) and between 2D and M-mode measurements for each vessel (r = .992 for aorta, r = .973 for pulmonary artery). The differences between systolic and diastolic measurements and between M-mode and 2D measurements were small (2.2-4.6%) for both the aorta and the pulmonary artery. The norms established here provide an objective standard for comparison when a cardiac anomaly involving a fetal aorta or pulmonary artery of abnormal size is suspected. The results indicate that a sonographic facility need not have M-mode equipment to obtain technically adequate measurements.
对胎儿主动脉和肺动脉的测量有助于先天性心脏缺陷的检测与诊断。在一项对403例孕龄在14至42周之间的正常胎儿的前瞻性研究中，采用二维（2D）实时和M型超声心动图测量子宫内主动脉根部和肺动脉的直径。目的是建立这些结构直径随孕龄和双顶径变化的标准，比较收缩期和舒张期获得的测量值，并比较2D和M型测量值。发现收缩期和舒张期测量值之间（主动脉r = 0.994，肺动脉r = 0.996）以及各血管的2D和M型测量值之间（主动脉r = 0.992，肺动脉r = 0.973）存在高度相关性。主动脉和肺动脉的收缩期与舒张期测量值之间以及M型与2D测量值之间的差异均较小（2.2 - 4.6%）。当怀疑存在涉及胎儿主动脉或肺动脉大小异常的心脏异常时，此处建立的标准为比较提供了客观依据。结果表明，超声检查设备不一定需要M型设备就能获得技术上足够的测量值。
