Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine Atmospheric Chemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China.
Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine Atmospheric Chemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Apr 1;815:152912. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.152912. Epub 2022 Jan 6.
Increased dry deposition of nitrogen aerosols (aerosol-N) as a result of anthropogenic emissions has caused large negative impacts on marine ecosystems. We monitored the number concentrations and sizes of inorganic nitrogen aerosols (aerosol-IN: NH and NO) and organic nitrogen aerosols (aerosol-ON: methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, and triethylamine) by single-particle aerosol mass spectrometry (SPAMS) during the warm season (WS) and cold season (CS) of 2013 and 2015 in Xiamen Bay. The mean hourly number concentration of aerosol-IN (874/h) overwhelmed that of aerosol-ON (103/h), accounting for 83.9 ± 16.1% of aerosol-N. More than 90% of aerosol-N was concentrated in the condensation mode (0.1-0.5 μm) and droplet mode (0.5-2.0 μm). Aerosol-IN was the main contributor (80.1-94.2%) to aerosol-N deposition. New production potentially supported by the ocean's external nitrogen supply provided aerosol-N input of 11.51-11.96 g C m yr, which contributed 17.5-18.2% of total new production in the southern East China Sea. Four potential sources of aerosol-N were identified based on the results of positive matrix factorization analysis, including secondary formation (F1), biogenic source (F2), sea spray, soil dust, biomass burning (F3), and anthropogenic sources (F4). Aerosol-N concentrations in Xiamen Bay were mainly affected by the ocean air masses during the WS and inland air masses during the CS. The percentages of aerosol-N at each backward trajectory cluster showed that the inland air masses brought more aerosol-IN emitted from biomass burning, soil dust, and secondary formation sources, whereas the ocean air masses brought more aerosol-ON emitted from a marine biogenic source into Xiamen Bay. This study provides an example of determining the number concentrations and sizes of IN and ON in aerosols by SPAMS, and helps us further understand the dry deposition and sources of IN and ON in aerosols in Xiamen Bay.
由于人为排放，氮气溶胶（气溶胶-N）的干沉降增加，对海洋生态系统造成了很大的负面影响。我们利用单颗粒气溶胶质谱仪（SPAMS）在 2013 年和 2015 年的暖季（WS）和冷季（CS）监测了无机氮气溶胶（气溶胶-IN：NH 和 NO）和有机氮气溶胶（气溶胶-ON：甲胺、二甲胺、三甲胺、乙胺、二乙胺和三乙胺）的数量浓度和粒径。气溶胶-IN 的平均小时数浓度（874/h）超过了气溶胶-ON（103/h），占气溶胶-N 的 83.9±16.1%。超过 90%的气溶胶-N 集中在凝聚模态（0.1-0.5μm）和液滴模态（0.5-2.0μm）。气溶胶-IN 是气溶胶-N 沉降的主要贡献者（80.1-94.2%）。海洋外部氮供应支持的新生产力为气溶胶-N 输入提供了 11.51-11.96g C m yr，占南中国海总新生产力的 17.5-18.2%。基于正定矩阵因子分析的结果，确定了气溶胶-N 的四个潜在来源，包括二次形成（F1）、生物源（F2）、海雾、土壤尘、生物质燃烧（F3）和人为源（F4）。厦门湾气溶胶-N 浓度主要受 WS 期间海洋气团和 CS 期间内陆气团的影响。每个后向轨迹聚类的气溶胶-N 百分比表明，内陆气团带来了更多由生物质燃烧、土壤尘和二次形成源排放的气溶胶-IN，而海洋气团将更多来自海洋生物源的气溶胶-ON 带入厦门湾。本研究提供了利用 SPAMS 测定气溶胶中 IN 和 ON 数量浓度和粒径的实例，有助于我们进一步了解厦门湾气溶胶中 IN 和 ON 的干沉降和来源。
