Oosterveld W J, de Jong H A
University of Amsterdam, Academisch Medisch Centrum, The Netherlands.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1987 Sep;58(9 Pt 2):A250-2.
The flight behavior of birds in parabolic flight was studied. Pigeons with labyrinthine lesions were released in weightlessness. Birds with one obstructed labyrinth showed a barbecue spin rotation, with movement directed toward the obstructed labyrinth. The birds with vertical canal blocks showed rotatory movements in the plane of the blocked canals. In weightlessness, the head was in retroflexion and bent over the shoulder, on the side of the obstructed anterior canal. They made tumbling movements backwards around the Y-axis through the skull, and this resulted in a spiral flight pattern. In birds with both the labyrinths obstructed three different phases can be distinguished. The first phase, in which a barbecue spin rotation directed towards the most recently obstructed labyrinth was clear, lasted 1 week. In the second phase this spin behavior is superimposed on a forward tumbling movement: an "outside loop." In the third phase this tumbling phenomenon is the only pattern that remains. The experiments offer not only a model to use in the explanation of the causes of particular vertiginous complaints in human patients, but, furthermore, give an answer to the question of what specific illusions belong to specific vestibular end-organ lesions.
对鸟类在抛物线飞行中的飞行行为进行了研究。患有迷路损伤的鸽子在失重状态下被放飞。一侧迷路受阻的鸟类呈现出烧烤旋转式旋转，运动方向朝向受阻的迷路。垂直半规管受阻的鸟类在受阻半规管平面内表现出旋转运动。在失重状态下，头部向后弯曲并靠在受阻前半规管一侧的肩膀上。它们围绕穿过颅骨的Y轴向后翻滚，从而形成螺旋飞行模式。在双侧迷路均受阻的鸟类中，可以区分出三个不同阶段。第一阶段，明显朝着最近受阻迷路的烧烤旋转式旋转持续1周。在第二阶段，这种旋转行为叠加在前翻运动上：“外转”。在第三阶段，这种翻滚现象是唯一留存的模式。这些实验不仅提供了一个用于解释人类患者特定眩晕症状病因的模型，而且还回答了特定的前庭终器病变会产生哪些特定幻觉的问题。
