Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
J Hazard Mater. 2022 Apr 5;427:128201. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128201. Epub 2022 Jan 3.
Oil refining waste (ORW) contains complex, hazardous, and refractory components, causing more severe long-term environmental pollution than petroleum. Here, ORW was used to simulate the accelerated domestication of bacteria from oily sludges and polymer-flooding wastewater, and the effects of key factors, oxygen and temperature, on the ORW degradation were evaluated. Bacterial communities acclimated respectively in 30/60 °C, aerobic/anaerobic conditions showed differentiated degradation rates of ORW, ranging from 5% to 34%. High-throughput amplicon sequencing and ORW component analysis revealed significant correlation between bacterial diversity/biomass and degradation efficiency/substrate preference. Under mesophilic and oxygen-rich condition, the high biomass and abundant biodiversity with diverse genes and pathways for petroleum hydrocarbons degradation, effectively promoted the rapid and multi-component degradation of ORW. While under harsh conditions, a few dominant genera still contributed to ORW degradation, although the biodiversity was severely restricted. The typical dominant facultative anaerobes Bacillus (up to 99.8% abundance anaerobically) and Geobacillus (up to 99.9% abundance aerobically and anaerobically) showed oxygen-independent sustainable degradation ability and broad-spectrum of temperature adaptability, making them promising and competitive bioremediation candidates for future application. Our findings provide important strategies for practical bioremediation of varied environments polluted by hazardous ORW.
炼油废物（ORW）含有复杂、有害和难处理的成分，比石油造成更严重的长期环境污染。在这里，我们利用 ORW 来模拟从含油污泥和聚合物驱采出水中加速驯化细菌，并评估关键因素（氧气和温度）对 ORW 降解的影响。在 30/60°C、好氧/厌氧条件下分别驯化的细菌群落表现出不同的 ORW 降解速率，范围从 5%到 34%。高通量扩增子测序和 ORW 成分分析显示，细菌多样性/生物量与降解效率/底物偏好之间存在显著相关性。在中温且富氧条件下，丰富的生物多样性和多样的石油烃降解基因和途径，使高生物量有效地促进了 ORW 的快速和多组分降解。而在恶劣条件下，虽然生物多样性受到严重限制，但少数优势属仍能促进 ORW 降解。典型的兼性厌氧菌芽孢杆菌（好氧和厌氧条件下丰度高达 99.8%）和地杆菌（好氧和厌氧条件下丰度高达 99.9%）表现出对氧气不依赖的可持续降解能力和广谱的温度适应性，使它们成为未来实际危险 ORW 污染环境生物修复的有前途和有竞争力的生物修复候选者。我们的研究结果为实际危险 ORW 污染环境的生物修复提供了重要策略。
