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左右侧早期结直肠癌的特征和结局。

Characteristics and Outcomes of Right- Versus Left-Sided Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer.

机构信息

Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.

Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.

出版信息

Dis Colon Rectum. 2023 Apr 1;66(4):498-510. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002273. Epub 2022 Jan 4.


DOI:10.1097/DCR.0000000000002273
PMID:35001052
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Early-onset colorectal cancers are increasing in incidence. Studies reported more left-sided cancers in patients aged <50 years. Some advocate for screening via flexible sigmoidoscopy at age 40 years. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate characteristics and outcomes in sporadic right- and left-sided early-onset colorectal cancers. DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort study. SETTINGS: This study was conducted at a single, tertiary care institution. PATIENTS: This study included patients aged <50 years diagnosed with colorectal cancer between 2000 and 2018. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We analyzed patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and survival. RESULTS: A total of 489 patients aged 20 to 49 years were identified from 2000 to 2018. The majority of patients were white (90%) and male (57%). The median age at diagnosis was 44 years, and 75% were diagnosed at age 40-49 years. There was a predominance of left-sided tumors (80%). The majority of patients presented with stage 3 (35%) and stage 4 (35%) disease. Right-sided tumors were more likely to have mucinous (24% vs 7.4%; p < 0.001) and signet-ring cell (4.4% vs 1.7%; p < 0.001) histology. There was no difference in age, sex, race, ethnicity, and stage at presentation. Right-sided tumors were associated with lower 5-year overall survival (44% vs 61%; p < 0.005) with the decrease in survival most prominent in right-sided stage 3 tumors (41% vs 72%; p < 0.0001) and in ages 40 to 49 years (43% vs 61%; p = 0.03). Sex, tumor location, increasing stage, and signet-ring cell histology were independent prognostic factors of overall survival. There was no difference in disease-free survival. LIMITATIONS: This study was a retrospective review at a single institution. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of early-onset colorectal cancers arise from age 40 to 49 years with a left-sided predominance but higher mortality in right-sided tumors. These findings provide further evidence in favor of recommending earlier initial screening colonoscopy for colorectal cancer. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B892 . CARACTERSTICAS Y RESULTADOS DEL CNCER COLORRECTAL DE INICIO TEMPRANO DEL LADO DERECHO FRENTE AL IZQUIERDO: ANTECEDENTES:Los cánceres colorrectales de aparición temprana están aumentando en incidencia. Los estudios han informado una preponderancia de cánceres en el lado izquierdo en pacientes <50 años, lo que ha llevado a algunos a abogar por la detección con sigmoidoscopia flexible a los 40 años.OBJETIVO:El propósito de nuestro estudio fue investigar las características del tumor y los resultados de los pacientes en cánceres colorrectales esporádicos del lado derecho e izquierdo de aparición temprana.DISEÑO:Este fue un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo.ENTORNO CLÍNICO:Este estudio se realizó en una única institución de atención terciaria.PACIENTES:Pacientes <50 años diagnosticados de cáncer colorrectal entre 2000 y 2018.RESULTADO PRINCIPAL:Analizamos los datos demográficos de los pacientes, las características del tumor, la supervivencia general y la supervivencia libre de enfermedad.RESULTADOS:Se identificaron un total de 489 pacientes de entre 20 y 49 años entre 2000 y 2018. La mayoría de los pacientes eran blancos (90%) y varones (57%). La mediana de edad en el momento del diagnóstico fue de 44 años y el 75% se diagnosticó entre los 40 y los 49 años. Predominó los tumores del lado izquierdo (80%). La mayoría de los pacientes presentaban enfermedad en estadio 3 (35%) y estadio 4 (35%). Los tumores del lado derecho tenían más probabilidades de tener histología mucinosa (24% frente a 7,4%, p < 0,001) y de células en anillo de sello (4,4% frente a 1,7%, p < 0,001). No hubo diferencia en edad, sexo, raza, etnia, estadio AJCC en la presentación. Los tumores del lado derecho se asociaron con una menor supervivencia general a 5 años (44% frente al 61%, p < 0,005) con la disminución de la supervivencia más prominente en los tumores del lado derecho en estadio 3 (41% frente al 72%, p < 0,0001) y en edades 40-49 (43% vs 61%, p = 0.03). El sexo, la ubicación del tumor, el estadio AJCC en aumento y la histología de las células en anillo de sello fueron factores pronósticos independientes de la supervivencia general. No hubo diferencias significativas en la supervivencia libre de enfermedad.LIMITACIONES:Este estudio fue una revisión retrospectiva en una sola institución.CONCLUSIONES:La mayoría de los cánceres colorrectales de aparición temprana surgen entre los 40 y los 49 años con un predominio en el lado izquierdo pero una mayor mortalidad en los tumores del lado derecho. Estos hallazgos proporcionan evidencia adicional a favor de recomendar una colonoscopia de detección inicial más temprana para el cáncer colorrectal. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B892 . (Traducción-Dr. Ingrid Melo ).

摘要

背景:早发性结直肠癌的发病率正在上升。研究报告称,50 岁以下患者中左侧癌症更为常见。一些人主张在 40 岁时通过乙状结肠镜筛查。

目的:本研究旨在探讨散发性左侧和右侧早发性结直肠癌的特征和结局。

设计:这是一项回顾性队列研究。

地点:这项研究在一家单一的三级保健机构进行。

患者:这项研究纳入了 2000 年至 2018 年间诊断为结直肠癌且年龄<50 岁的患者。

主要观察指标:我们分析了患者的人口统计学特征、肿瘤特征和生存情况。

结果:共确定了 2000 年至 2018 年间 489 名年龄 20 至 49 岁的患者。大多数患者为白人(90%)和男性(57%)。中位诊断年龄为 44 岁,75%的患者诊断年龄为 40-49 岁。左侧肿瘤占主导地位(80%)。大多数患者处于 3 期(35%)和 4 期(35%)疾病状态。右侧肿瘤更可能有黏液(24%比 7.4%;p<0.001)和印戒细胞(4.4%比 1.7%;p<0.001)组织学。在年龄、性别、种族、民族和就诊时的分期方面,两组间无差异。右侧肿瘤的 5 年总生存率较低(44%比 61%;p<0.005),右侧 3 期肿瘤(41%比 72%;p<0.0001)和 40-49 岁患者(43%比 61%;p=0.03)的生存率下降更为显著。性别、肿瘤位置、分期增加和印戒细胞组织学是总生存率的独立预后因素。无病生存率无差异。

局限性:本研究为单中心回顾性研究。

结论:大多数早发性结直肠癌发生于 40 岁至 49 岁,左侧多见,但右侧肿瘤死亡率更高。这些发现进一步支持了推荐更早开始进行结直肠癌初始筛查的建议。请观看视频摘要,网址为:http://links.lww.com/DCR/B892。

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引用本文的文献

[1]
Early-onset colorectal cancer: a retrospective study of demographic, clinicopathological, and molecular characteristics in a single Chinese center.

Eur J Med Res. 2025-8-2

[2]
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Outcomes.

J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2025-4-26

[3]
Survival analysis and prediction of early-onset colorectal cancer patients post-chemotherapy: an analysis based on the SEER database.

Int J Colorectal Dis. 2025-3-22

[4]
Prediction of mucinous adenocarcinoma in colorectal cancer with mucinous components detected in preoperative biopsy diagnosis.

Abdom Radiol (NY). 2025-7

[5]
Construction and validation of a nomogram for predicting overall survival of patients with stage III/IV early-onset colorectal cancer.

Front Oncol. 2024-4-10

[6]
Early-onset gastrointestinal cancer: An epidemiological reality with great significance and implications.

World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2024-3-15

[7]
Clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma: a retrospective analysis from China.

Front Oncol. 2024-2-6

[8]
Location Has Prognostic Impact on the Outcome of Colorectal Mucinous Adenocarcinomas.

Cancers (Basel). 2023-12-28

[9]
Best Evidence for Each Surgical Step in Minimally Invasive Right Hemicolectomy: A Systematic Review.

Ann Surg Open. 2023-10-5

[10]
Pharmaceutical Agents as Potential Drivers in the Development of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: Case-Control Study.

JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2023-12-13

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