Ejeta Fikadu, Aferu Temesgen, Feyisa Diriba, Kebede Oliyad, Siraj Jafer, Hammeso Workineh Woldeselassie, Tadesse Esayas, Tinishku Alemayehu
Department of Pharmaceutics and Social Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2021 Dec 29;17:3827-3835. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S349127. eCollection 2021.
Psychotropic medications are crucial in the treatment of a variety of psychiatric disorders. Use of second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) has been associated with many adverse events. Assessment and monitoring of ADRs is required to develop appropriate interventional strategies to manage, prevent and minimize the risks of undesirable effects and thus improve quality of life and adherence, avoid relapse, and reduce treatment costs.
The objectives of this study were to assess adverse drug reactions and its predictors in psychiatric patients taking psychotropic medications from the outpatient pharmacy of MTUTH.
A cross-sectional study design was conducted using a structured questionnaire interviewing a psychiatric patient. One way ANOVA and bivariate logistic regression was computed for all independent variables to identify variables that fit for multivariate logistic regression. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
A total of 101 patients (91.8%) experienced one or more types of ADR in the current study. There was a statistically significant relationship between ADRs management and age, marital status, educational status, occupation, and monthly income of the study participants. The odds of having experienced autonomic adverse drug reactions experience among respondents aged 30 years and older higher than those under 30 years. Participants taking multiple medications were more likely to face psychiatric adverse drug reactions compared to those taking a single medication. Patients taking multiple psychotropic medications were ten times more likely to develop autonomic adverse drug reactions compared to those taking a single drug.
The study revealed a moderate incidence of ADR in patients attending the psychiatric OPD. Age and number of antipsychotics were predictors of ADR (autonomic and psychiatric). This study revealed that there is a gap in the role of clinicians in the monitoring and reporting of ADRs.
精神药物在多种精神疾病的治疗中至关重要。第二代抗精神病药物（SGA）的使用与许多不良事件相关。需要对药物不良反应进行评估和监测，以制定适当的干预策略来管理、预防和最小化不良影响的风险，从而提高生活质量和依从性，避免复发，并降低治疗成本。
本研究的目的是评估在MTUTH门诊药房服用精神药物的精神科患者的药物不良反应及其预测因素。
采用横断面研究设计，使用结构化问卷对精神科患者进行访谈。对所有自变量进行单因素方差分析和双变量逻辑回归，以确定适合多变量逻辑回归的变量。p值小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
在本研究中，共有101名患者（91.8%）经历了一种或多种类型的药物不良反应。药物不良反应的管理与研究参与者的年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度、职业和月收入之间存在统计学上的显著关系。30岁及以上的受访者经历自主神经药物不良反应的几率高于30岁以下的受访者。与服用单一药物的参与者相比，服用多种药物的参与者更有可能面临精神药物不良反应。与服用单一药物的患者相比，服用多种精神药物的患者发生自主神经药物不良反应的可能性高出十倍。
该研究揭示了在精神科门诊就诊的患者中药物不良反应的发生率中等。年龄和抗精神病药物的数量是药物不良反应（自主神经和精神方面）的预测因素。这项研究表明，临床医生在药物不良反应的监测和报告方面的作用存在差距。
