Campbell Christopher T, Wheatley Kristin H, Svoboda Leanne, Campbell Courtney E, Norris Kelley R
Department of Pharmacy (CTC, CEC, KRN), Augusta University Medical Center, Augusta, GA.
Department of Pharmacy (KHW), Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA.
J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2022;27(1):19-28. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-27.1.19. Epub 2021 Dec 22.
Pediatric patients are at a heightened risk for medication errors due to variability in medication ordering and administration. Dose rounding and standardization have been 2 practices historically used to reduce variability and improve medication safety. This article will describe strategies for implementing pediatric dose standardization. Local practice often dictates the operational decisions made at an institutional level, leading to a lack of a standard methodology. Vizient survey results demonstrate there is wide variation in dose standardization and ready-to-use (RTU) practices although most responding institutions have attempted to limit bedside manipulation to reduce medication error. There are many barriers to consider before pursuing dose standardization at an institution. These include selecting medications to standardize, calculating appropriate standardized doses, preparing RTU products, and supplying the products to the patient. Strategies to overcome implementation issues are described as well as identification of knowledge gaps related to the preparation and use of RTU products in the pediatric population. There is opportunity to enhance an institution's ability to provide RTU medications. Although there are several barriers, those that have had successful implementation have leveraged their information technology systems, garnered multidisciplinary support, and customized their practice to meet their operational demands.
由于药物处方和给药的变异性,儿科患者发生用药错误的风险更高。剂量取整和标准化是历来用于减少变异性和提高用药安全性的两种做法。本文将描述实施儿科剂量标准化的策略。当地的做法往往决定了机构层面做出的操作决策,导致缺乏标准方法。Vizient的调查结果表明,尽管大多数做出回应的机构都试图限制床边操作以减少用药错误,但剂量标准化和即用型(RTU)做法仍存在很大差异。在机构推行剂量标准化之前,有许多障碍需要考虑。这些障碍包括选择要标准化的药物、计算适当的标准化剂量、制备RTU产品以及向患者提供产品。文中描述了克服实施问题的策略以及识别与儿科人群中RTU产品的制备和使用相关的知识差距。有机会提高机构提供RTU药物的能力。尽管存在一些障碍,但那些成功实施的机构利用了其信息技术系统,获得了多学科支持,并根据自身运营需求定制了做法。