Blackwood Christopher A, Cadet Jean Lud
Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Dec 22;12:798362. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.798362. eCollection 2021.
In the United States, the number of people suffering from opioid use disorder has skyrocketed in all populations. Nevertheless, observations of racial disparities amongst opioid overdose deaths have recently been described. Opioid use disorder is characterized by compulsive drug consumption followed by periods of withdrawal and recurrent relapses while patients are participating in treatment programs. Similar to other rewarding substances, exposure to opioid drugs is accompanied by epigenetic changes in the brain. In addition, genetic factors that are understudied in some racial groups may also impact the clinical manifestations of opioid use disorder. These studies are important because genetic factors and epigenetic alterations may also influence responses to pharmacological therapeutic approaches. Thus, this mini-review seeks to briefly summarize what is known about the genetic bases of opioid use disorder in African Americans.
在美国，所有人群中患有阿片类药物使用障碍的人数都在急剧上升。然而，最近有关于阿片类药物过量死亡中种族差异的观察报道。阿片类药物使用障碍的特征是强迫性药物消费，随后在患者参与治疗项目时出现戒断期和反复复发。与其他成瘾性物质类似，接触阿片类药物会伴随大脑中的表观遗传变化。此外，一些种族群体中研究较少的遗传因素也可能影响阿片类药物使用障碍的临床表现。这些研究很重要，因为遗传因素和表观遗传改变也可能影响对药物治疗方法的反应。因此，本综述旨在简要总结非裔美国人阿片类药物使用障碍遗传基础的已知情况。
