Faculty of Medicine, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Front Public Health. 2021 Dec 22;9:787672. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.787672. eCollection 2021.
The confinement measures during COVID-19 had a massive effect on physical and psychological health in public. This study assessed the impact of containment and coping behaviour among the Malaysia public during the COVID-19 pandemic. Questions assessing the impact of containment and coping behaviours were developed and psychometrically tested. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted with the items using principal component analysis extraction and Varimax rotation. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to determine the relationship between coping and impact. The 13-item of impact and 10-item coping instruments were developed with three dimensions identified through EFA. Both scales demonstrated excellent composite reliability and good convergent validity. The survey findings revealed that the impact on individual psychological aspects was prominent, followed by well-being and lifestyle. Mindfulness and physical coping strategies were most commonly reported. Coping through seeking help from health professionals and hotlines had a positive direct effect on well-being and lifestyle (b = 0.231, < 0.001), psychological (B = 0.132, < 0.001), and employment-related (0.194, < 0.001) impacts. Coping through mindfulness practise had a negative effect on well-being and lifestyle-related impact (B = -0.180, < 0.001) and employment-related impact (B = -0.096, = 0.008). Despite some limitation, the scales for measuring impact and coping behaviours have the potential to be used as a measurement tool in future studies. Findings highlight the enormous impact of the pandemic on psychological well-being and lifestyles. Health authorities should support individual coping as it was found to be an important resilience-related factor to mitigate the impacts of containment during the pandemic.
在 COVID-19 期间，禁闭措施对公众的身心健康产生了巨大影响。本研究评估了马来西亚公众在 COVID-19 大流行期间禁闭和应对行为的影响。开发了评估禁闭和应对行为影响的问题，并进行了心理测试。使用主成分分析提取和 Varimax 旋转对项目进行探索性因素分析（EFA）。偏最小二乘结构方程模型用于确定应对与影响之间的关系。通过 EFA 确定了三个维度，开发了 13 项影响和 10 项应对工具。两个量表都表现出良好的综合可靠性和良好的收敛有效性。调查结果显示，对个人心理方面的影响最为突出，其次是幸福感和生活方式。正念和身体应对策略是最常报告的。通过向卫生专业人员和热线寻求帮助来应对，对幸福感和生活方式（B = 0.231，<0.001）、心理（B = 0.132，<0.001）和与就业相关的影响（B = 0.194，<0.001）有积极的直接影响。通过正念练习应对，对幸福感和与生活方式相关的影响（B = -0.180，<0.001）和与就业相关的影响（B = -0.096，= 0.008）有负面影响。尽管存在一些限制，但衡量影响和应对行为的量表具有作为未来研究中测量工具的潜力。研究结果强调了大流行对心理健康和生活方式的巨大影响。卫生当局应支持个人应对，因为它被发现是减轻大流行期间禁闭影响的一个重要弹性相关因素。
