Fareed Zeeshan, Bashir Muhammad Farhan, Salem Sultan
School of Economics and Management, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China.
School of Business, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Front Public Health. 2021 Dec 23;9:815248. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.815248. eCollection 2021.
This research aims to look at the link between environmental pollutants and the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in California. To illustrate the COVID-19 outbreak, weather, and environmental pollution, we used daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 patients, average daily temperature, and air quality Index, respectively. To evaluate the data from March 1 to May 24, 2020, we used continuous wavelet transform and then applied partial wavelet coherence (PWC), wavelet transform coherence (WTC), and multiple wavelet coherence (MWC). Empirical estimates disclose a significant association between these series at different time-frequency spaces. The COVID-19 outbreak in California and average daily temperature show a negative (out phase) coherence. Similarly, the air quality index and COVID-19 also show a negative association circle during the second week of the observed period. Our findings will serve as policy implications for state and health officials and regulators to combat the COVID-19 outbreak.
本研究旨在探讨环境污染物与加利福尼亚州冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫情之间的联系。为了说明COVID-19疫情、天气和环境污染情况，我们分别使用了COVID-19患者的每日确诊病例数、日平均气温和空气质量指数。为了评估2020年3月1日至5月24日的数据，我们使用了连续小波变换，然后应用了偏小波相干（PWC）、小波变换相干（WTC）和多小波相干（MWC）。实证估计揭示了这些序列在不同时频空间之间存在显著关联。加利福尼亚州的COVID-19疫情与日平均气温呈现出负（异相）相干。同样，在观察期的第二周，空气质量指数与COVID-19也呈现出负相关循环。我们的研究结果将为州和卫生官员以及监管机构应对COVID-19疫情提供政策启示。
