Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Diabetes Res. 2021 Dec 29;2021:1815178. doi: 10.1155/2021/1815178. eCollection 2021.
Pathophysiological pathways that are induced by chronic hyperglycemia negatively impact lipid metabolism. Thus, diabetes is commonly accompanied by varying degrees of dyslipidemia which is itself a major risk factor for further macro- and microvascular diabetes complications such as atherosclerosis and nephropathy. Therefore, normalizing lipid metabolism is an attractive goal for therapy in patients with diabetes. Incretin-based medications are a novel group of antidiabetic agents with potent hypoglycemic effects. While the impact of incretins on glucose metabolism is clear, recent evidence indicates their positive modulatory roles on various aspects of lipid metabolism. Therefore, incretins may offer additional beneficial effects beyond that of glucose normalization. In the current review, how these antidiabetic medications can regulate lipid homeostasis and the possible cellular pathways involved are discussed, incorporating related clinical evidence about incretin effects on lipid homeostasis.
慢性高血糖诱导的病理生理途径会对脂代谢产生负面影响。因此，糖尿病通常伴有不同程度的血脂异常，而血脂异常本身就是导致大血管和微血管糖尿病并发症（如动脉粥样硬化和肾病）的主要危险因素。因此，使脂代谢正常化是糖尿病患者治疗的一个有吸引力的目标。基于肠促胰岛素的药物是一类新型的降糖药物，具有很强的降糖作用。虽然肠促胰岛素对葡萄糖代谢的影响是明确的，但最近的证据表明它们对脂代谢的各个方面具有积极的调节作用。因此，肠促胰岛素可能除了使血糖正常化之外还具有额外的有益作用。在本综述中，讨论了这些抗糖尿病药物如何调节脂代谢平衡以及涉及的可能细胞途径，并结合了关于肠促胰岛素对脂代谢平衡影响的相关临床证据。
