Hershberger Kian K, Gauger Andrew J, Bronstein Lyudmila M
Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, Bloomington, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Indiana 47405, United States.
A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow, 119991 Russia.
ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2021 Jun 21;4(6):4720-4736. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00351. Epub 2021 May 27.
The devastating nature of cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of death in the world. Chemotherapy is among the most common forms of cancer treatment but comes with a host of adverse effects caused by the therapeutic agents damaging healthy tissue and organs. To limit these side effects, scientists have been designing stimuli responsive drug delivery vessels for targeted release. This Review focuses on the incorporation of stimuli responsive linkages in targeted drug delivery systems to enhance therapeutic efficiency. These platforms are primarily employed to control the distribution of anticancer agents in the body to reduce the adverse side effects caused by their toxicities. We will outline how drug delivery vessels are constructed so that exposure to select environmental and external stimuli releases the enclosed drug only at the target site. Stimuli responsive components are integrated within drug delivery vessels in the form of cross-linkers, polymers, and surface modifications. The changes, these moieties undergo upon stimuli exposure, cascade into larger scale alterations to the platforms, resulting in complete disassembly, reversible morphological variations, and enhanced cellular uptake. The ability for these modes of delivery to be initiated exclusively under stimuli exposure allows for release of toxic therapeutic agents to be confined only to the affected area.
癌症的毁灭性本质仍然是全球主要的死亡原因之一。化疗是最常见的癌症治疗方式之一，但会带来一系列副作用，因为治疗药物会损害健康组织和器官。为了限制这些副作用，科学家们一直在设计刺激响应型药物递送载体以实现靶向释放。本综述重点关注在靶向药物递送系统中引入刺激响应型连接以提高治疗效率。这些平台主要用于控制抗癌药物在体内的分布，以减少其毒性所引起的不良副作用。我们将概述药物递送载体是如何构建的，以便在受到特定环境和外部刺激时，仅在靶位点释放包封的药物。刺激响应成分以交联剂、聚合物和表面修饰的形式整合到药物递送载体中。这些部分在受到刺激时所经历的变化会级联成平台更大规模的改变，导致完全分解、可逆的形态变化以及增强的细胞摄取。这些递送模式仅在刺激暴露下才能启动的能力使得有毒治疗药物的释放仅局限于受影响区域。
