College of Economics and Management, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China.
College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 23;19(1):117. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010117.
The land system of state-owned farms in China is different from that in rural areas. Whether the land tenure of state-owned farms can play a role in protecting cultivated land is an important issue for the high-quality development of state-owned agriculture in China. This article develops a dynamic model to examine how land tenure influences farmers' decisions on land improvement. It then analyzes this relationship based on cotton farmers' household-level data from state-owned farms of Xinjiang in China. We applied methods that take into account the possible endogeneity of the land tenure. The results reveal that the stability of land tenure in the past will not affect the current behavior of farmers for they have a relatively stable expectation of current land tenure and a high degree of trust in the government and its policies. The intergenerational transfer of land tenure is not the key factor that affects farmers' land conservation, and the relatively long-term duration of land tenure (possibly five years or more) during their careers is more important. Our findings also reveal that non-property factors, such as government intervention (e.g., technology promotion) that alleviates the limited rationality of farmers, cannot be ignored because they played a crucial role in past land improvement when land tenure was less stable.
中国国有农场的土地制度与农村不同。国有农场的土地承包经营权能否在保护耕地方面发挥作用，是中国国有农业高质量发展的一个重要问题。本文构建了一个动态模型，以检验土地承包经营权如何影响农民对土地改良的决策。然后，利用中国新疆国有农场棉农的家庭层面数据，基于该模型进行了实证分析。本文采用了考虑土地承包经营权可能内生性的方法。研究结果表明，过去土地承包经营权的稳定性不会影响农民当前的行为，因为他们对当前土地承包经营权有相对稳定的预期，对政府及其政策有较高的信任度。土地承包经营权的代际传递并不是影响农民耕地保护的关键因素，而在他们的职业生涯中相对较长的土地承包经营权期限（可能为五年或更长）更为重要。本文的研究结果还表明，非财产因素（例如，政府干预，如促进技术进步）不能忽视，因为在土地承包经营权不稳定的过去，这些因素在土地改良方面发挥了至关重要的作用，在一定程度上缓解了农民的有限理性。
