Altobelli Emma, Marzi Francesca, Angelone Anna Maria, Mazzocca Riccardo, Mastrodomenico Marianna, Petrocelli Reimondo, Marziliano Ciro
Department of Life, Public Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
S. Timoteo Hospital, ASREM, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jan 3;19(1):496. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010496.
Following the pandemic scenario, researchers from all over the world, including Italians, have undertaken fervent research activity using the epidemiological data available on the sites of government and national and international research institutes. The objectives of our study were: (1) to analyze the load and trend of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy, from the beginning to October 2021; (2) to analyze vaccination coverage by age groups and types of vaccines administered and check how the vaccination campaign has influenced the course of the disease and deaths; (3) to evaluate the Italian situation in the European context, comparing the incidence and mortality of Italy with respect to European countries; (4) finally, to evaluate how much vaccination coverage may have had an effect on mortality in the various European countries. Databases were structured to archive Italian and European COVID-19 data provided by Our World in Data, and data came from the Ministry of Health, to evaluate percentage of vaccines administered. The monthly trend of the cumulative incidence per 100,000 inhabitants in the period January 2020-October 2021 was evaluated. It is important to underline 3 peaks of incidence and mortality rates that occurred during the three waves of COVID-19: March-April-May 2020, October-November-December 2020, and March-April-May 2021. There is a slight increase in incidence in August 2021 and in mortality in September 2021. The three mortality rate peaks, related to the three waves of COVID-19, are always higher in Italy than in Europe, particularly in April 2020, December 2020, and March 2021. From May 2021 to October 2021, the mortality trend reversed, and it turned out to be higher in Europe than in Italy. Regarding vaccination, Italy currently has an important coverage, not only in the most fragile population, where it exceeds 90%, but also in the 12-19 age group, with percentages above 65%. The Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine was used widely in all age groups (first and second dose), with highest administration in 12-19 age groups and 80+, while the lowest was recorded in the 70-79 age group. In conclusion, these data confirm the importance of vaccination in the management of the COVID-19 pandemic.
在疫情背景下，包括意大利人在内的世界各地研究人员利用政府及国家和国际研究机构网站上提供的流行病学数据，开展了热烈的研究活动。我们研究的目标是：（1）分析意大利2020年初至2021年10月期间新冠疫情的负荷及趋势；（2）按年龄组和所接种疫苗类型分析疫苗接种覆盖率，并核查疫苗接种运动如何影响了疾病进程和死亡情况；（3）在欧洲背景下评估意大利的情况，比较意大利与欧洲国家的发病率和死亡率；（4）最后，评估疫苗接种覆盖率对各个欧洲国家死亡率可能产生了多大影响。构建数据库以存档由“Our World in Data”提供的意大利和欧洲新冠数据，数据来自卫生部，以评估疫苗接种百分比。评估了2020年1月至2021年10月期间每10万居民累计发病率的月度趋势。必须强调的是，在新冠疫情的三波疫情期间出现了发病率和死亡率的3个峰值：2020年3月至4月至5月、2020年10月至11月至12月以及2021年3月至4月至5月。2021年8月发病率略有上升，2021年9月死亡率略有上升。与新冠疫情三波疫情相关的三个死亡率峰值，在意大利始终高于欧洲，特别是在2020年4月、2020年12月和2021年3月。从2021年5月到2021年10月，死亡率趋势逆转，结果是欧洲高于意大利。关于疫苗接种，意大利目前的覆盖率很高，不仅在最脆弱人群中超过90%，在12至19岁年龄组中也超过65%。辉瑞/生物科技公司的疫苗在所有年龄组（第一剂和第二剂）中广泛使用，在12至19岁年龄组和80岁以上人群中接种率最高，而在70至79岁年龄组中接种率最低。总之，这些数据证实了疫苗接种在新冠疫情管理中的重要性。
