MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SL, UK.
Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu 40100, Kenya.
Nutrients. 2021 Dec 28;14(1):121. doi: 10.3390/nu14010121.
The triple burden of malnutrition in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is partly a result of changing food environments and a shift from traditional diets to high-calorie Western-style diets. Exploring the relationship between food sources and food- and nutrition-related outcomes is important to understanding how changes in food environments may affect nutrition in LMICs. This study examined associations of household food source with household food insecurity, individual dietary diversity and individual body mass index in Western Kenya. Interview-administered questionnaire and anthropometric data from 493 adults living in 376 randomly-selected households were collected in 2019. Adjusted regression analyses were used to assess the association of food source with measures of food insecurity, dietary diversity and body mass index. Notably, participants that reported rearing domesticated animals for consumption ('own livestock') had lower odds of moderate or severe household food insecurity (odds ratio (OR) = 0.29 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.96)) and those that reported buying food from supermarkets had lower odds of moderate or severe household food insecurity (borderline significant, OR = 0.37 (95% CI: 0.14, 1.00)), increased dietary diversity scores (Poisson coefficient = 0.17 (95% CI: 0.10, 0.24)) and higher odds of achieving minimum dietary diversity (OR = 2.84 (95% CI: 1.79, 4.49)). Our findings provide insight into the relationship between food environments, dietary patterns and nutrition in Kenya, and suggest that interventions that influence household food source may impact the malnutrition burden in this context.
在许多中低收入国家（LMICs），营养不良的三重负担部分是由于食物环境的变化以及从传统饮食向高热量西式饮食的转变造成的。探索食物来源与食物和营养相关结果之间的关系对于了解食物环境的变化如何可能影响 LMICs 的营养状况非常重要。本研究调查了肯尼亚西部家庭食物来源与家庭粮食不安全、个体饮食多样性和个体体重指数之间的关系。2019 年，在 376 个随机选择的家庭中，对 493 名成年人进行了访谈式问卷调查和人体测量数据收集。使用调整后的回归分析评估了食物来源与粮食不安全、饮食多样性和体重指数衡量指标之间的关联。值得注意的是，报告饲养家畜供食用（“自有牲畜”）的参与者家庭中度或严重粮食不安全的可能性较低（优势比（OR）=0.29（95%CI：0.09，0.96）），报告从超市购买食物的参与者家庭中度或严重粮食不安全的可能性较低（边缘显著，OR=0.37（95%CI：0.14，1.00）），饮食多样性评分增加（泊松系数=0.17（95%CI：0.10，0.24）），达到最低饮食多样性的可能性更高（OR=2.84（95%CI：1.79，4.49））。我们的研究结果提供了肯尼亚食物环境、饮食模式与营养之间关系的深入了解，并表明影响家庭食物来源的干预措施可能会对这方面的营养不良负担产生影响。
