Ditmer Marta, Gabryelska Agata, Turkiewicz Szymon, Białasiewicz Piotr, Małecka-Wojciesko Ewa, Sochal Marcin
Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2021 Dec 23;11(1):67. doi: 10.3390/jcm11010067.
Epidemiological studies have shown that individuals with sleep problems are at a greater risk of developing immune and chronic inflammatory diseases. As sleep disorders and low sleep quality in the general population are frequent ailments, it seems important to recognize them as serious public health problems. The exact relation between immunity and sleep remains elusive; however, it might be suspected that it is shaped by others stress and alterations of the circadian rhythm (commonly caused by for example shift work). As studies show, drugs used in the therapy of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as steroids or monoclonal antibodies, also influence sleep in more complex ways than those resulting from attenuation of the disease symptoms. Interestingly, the relation between sleep and immunity appears to be bidirectional; that is, sleep may influence the course of immune diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease. Thus, proper diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders are vital to the patient's immune status and, in effect, health. This review examines the epidemiology of sleep disorders and immune diseases, the associations between them, and their current treatment and novel perspectives in therapy.
流行病学研究表明，有睡眠问题的个体患免疫和慢性炎症性疾病的风险更高。由于睡眠障碍和睡眠质量低下在普通人群中是常见疾病，将它们视为严重的公共卫生问题似乎很重要。免疫与睡眠之间的确切关系仍不明确；然而，可以推测它是由其他压力和昼夜节律改变（例如通常由轮班工作引起）所塑造的。研究表明，用于治疗慢性炎症性疾病的药物，如类固醇或单克隆抗体，对睡眠的影响也比疾病症状减轻所导致的影响更为复杂。有趣的是，睡眠与免疫之间的关系似乎是双向的；也就是说，睡眠可能会影响免疫疾病的进程，如炎症性肠病。因此，睡眠障碍的正确诊断和治疗对患者的免疫状态乃至健康至关重要。本综述探讨了睡眠障碍和免疫疾病的流行病学、它们之间的关联以及当前的治疗方法和治疗的新观点。
