Novak Ajda, Vizjak Karmen, Rakusa Martin
Department of Neurologic Diseases, University Medical Centre Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
J Clin Med. 2022 Jan 5;11(1):267. doi: 10.3390/jcm11010267.
People with epilepsy frequently have cognitive impairment. The majority of cognitive problems is influenced by a variety of interlinked factors, including the early onset of epilepsy and the frequency, intensity and duration of seizures, along with the anti-epileptic drug treatment. With a systematic review, we investigate significant factors about the cognitive impairment in epilepsy. Most cognitive problems in adult people with epilepsy include memory, attention and executive function deficits. However, which cognitive area is mainly affected highly depends on the location of epileptic activity. Moreover, modifications in signalling pathways and neuronal networks have an essential role in both the pathophysiology of epilepsy and in the mechanism responsible for cognitive impairment. Additionally, studies have shown that the use of polytherapy in the treatment of epilepsy with anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) heightens the risk for cognitive impairment. It can be challenging to distinguish the contribution of each factor, because they are often closely intertwined.
癫痫患者常常存在认知障碍。大多数认知问题受多种相互关联的因素影响，包括癫痫的早发、发作频率、强度和持续时间，以及抗癫痫药物治疗。通过系统综述，我们研究了癫痫认知障碍的重要因素。成年癫痫患者的大多数认知问题包括记忆、注意力和执行功能缺陷。然而，主要受影响的认知领域高度依赖于癫痫活动的位置。此外，信号通路和神经网络的改变在癫痫的病理生理学以及认知障碍的发生机制中都起着至关重要的作用。此外，研究表明，使用多种抗癫痫药物（AEDs）联合治疗癫痫会增加认知障碍的风险。区分每个因素的作用可能具有挑战性，因为它们常常紧密交织在一起。
