Chen Duan-Rung, Sun Grace, Levin Brianna
Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
J Eat Disord. 2022 Jan 10;10(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s40337-021-00524-3.
The prevalence of disordered eating is increasing among adolescents in Asia. The prevalence and predictors of disordered eating in boys have often gone unrecognized. This study examined gender-specific responses to multifaceted factors associated with disordered eating, including personal, behavioral, family, and school-related characteristics.
After excluding responses with incomplete information, a sample of 729 adolescents (48.97% boys) between the ages of 13 and 16 were surveyed through convenience sampling from 37 classrooms in three junior high schools in New Taipei City of Taiwan were analyzed. The Eating Attitudes Test-26 questionnaire was used to identify disordered eating.
No difference in the prevalence of disordered eating between the genders was found. Adolescent girls exhibit a preoccupation with fatness and a desire to be thinner, whereas boys are more likely to engage in extreme dieting behaviors such as vomiting, keeping the stomach empty, and avoiding sweets. Girls engaging in disordered eating reported relatively high levels of interpersonal stress involving family member weight-teasing, low peer acceptance, and high peer pressure to control weight. High intensity of regular exercise was found in girls with disordered eating. The perception of body weight is a more critical factor of engaging in disordered eating for boys than girls. Adolescents with immigrant parents were associated with disordered eating among both genders.
Changing gender-specific weight-related norms in schools and families is essential to reduce the prevalence of disordered eating, particularly among girls. Future studies using representative samples to confirm this study's findings are warranted.
饮食失调在亚洲青少年中的患病率正在上升。男孩饮食失调的患病率及预测因素常常未得到认识。本研究调查了与饮食失调相关的多方面因素（包括个人、行为、家庭和学校相关特征）的性别差异反应。
在排除信息不完整的回答后，通过便利抽样对来自台湾新北市三所初中37个班级的729名13至16岁青少年（48.97%为男孩）进行了调查分析。使用饮食态度测试-26问卷来识别饮食失调情况。
未发现饮食失调患病率在性别上存在差异。青春期女孩表现出对肥胖的过度关注以及想要更瘦的愿望，而男孩更有可能采取极端节食行为，如呕吐、保持空腹和避免吃甜食。有饮食失调行为的女孩报告称，在涉及家庭成员体重调侃、同伴接纳度低以及同伴控制体重压力大等方面的人际压力相对较高。有饮食失调行为的女孩中发现有高强度的规律运动。对男孩而言，对体重的认知是比女孩更关键的饮食失调因素。父母为移民的青少年在两性中均与饮食失调有关。
改变学校和家庭中与性别相关的体重规范对于降低饮食失调的患病率至关重要，尤其是在女孩中。有必要开展未来研究，使用代表性样本以证实本研究的结果。
