Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy.
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy.
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports. 2022 Jan;27:100672. doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100672. Epub 2021 Nov 27.
Livestock breeding is one of the main agricultural activities in Tanzania, recognized as one of the African countries with the greatest livestock resources. Cattle is the most widely bred animal species, especially with traditional farming methods such as pastoralism and agro-pastoralism. Slaughtering takes place mainly in rural slaughter slabs and municipal slaughterhouses, and according to local legislation it must be supervised by Official Veterinarians, who report any organs to be discarded and, after stamping the carcass, authorize its free consumption. Since the Ruvuma region lacks data on cattle diseases, the aim of this study was to collect information at Songea slaughterhouse, with particular attention to conditions of parasitic aetiology and potential zoonotic interest, deepening inspective diagnoses by means of parasitological and histological investigations on tissue samples. Overall, the slaughter data of 614 animals are reported. In most cases slaughtered cattle belonged to local breeds and came from the Mbeya region. Fasciolosis (diagnosed in 44.6% of animals) was the most frequent condition, followed by respiratory diseases (24.4%), aortic onchocerciasis (6.5%), hydatidosis (5.5%) and bovine cysticercosis (3.4%). Laboratory analysis identified Fasciola gigantica as the species involved in hepatic distomatosis in this area. Cases macroscopically ascribed to cysticercosis turned out to be a muscular form of onchocerciasis (by Onchocerca dukei), a neglected and unrecognised parasitic disease in Tanzania, questioning the real frequence of a zoonosis that causes primarily major economic losses. Pulmonary cysts, referred as hydatidosis at visual inspection, were histologically identified as haemal nodes, lymphoid organs common in ruminants, but described in cattle lungs for the first time in the present paper. Slaughterhouse is an important epidemiological observatory, especially for neglected parasitoses. The possibility of having basic laboratory diagnostics as an aid to visual inspection can ensure greater efficiency of veterinary services in the control of important livestock diseases and zoonoses, in the frame of a One Health perspective.
畜牧业是坦桑尼亚的主要农业活动之一，坦桑尼亚被认为是非洲拥有最多牲畜资源的国家之一。牛是最广泛养殖的动物物种，特别是采用游牧和农牧混合等传统养殖方式。屠宰主要在农村屠宰场和城市屠宰场进行，根据当地法规，屠宰必须由官方兽医监督，他们会报告任何需要丢弃的器官，并在盖章确认胴体后，批准其自由食用。由于鲁伍马地区缺乏关于牛病的数据，因此本研究的目的是在松盖阿屠宰场收集信息，特别关注寄生虫病因和潜在人畜共患病的情况，通过对组织样本进行寄生虫学和组织学调查来深入检查诊断。总体而言，报告了 614 头动物的屠宰数据。在大多数情况下，屠宰的牛属于当地品种，来自姆贝亚地区。片形吸虫病（在 44.6%的动物中诊断出）是最常见的疾病，其次是呼吸道疾病（24.4%）、主动脉盘尾丝虫病（6.5%）、包虫病（5.5%）和牛囊尾蚴病（3.4%）。实验室分析确定该地区肝片形吸虫病涉及的物种为巨型片形吸虫。在肉眼上归因于囊尾蚴病的病例实际上是一种肌肉形式的盘尾丝虫病（由盘尾丝虫杜克氏亚种引起），这是一种在坦桑尼亚被忽视和未被认识的寄生虫病，这使得人们对一种主要造成重大经济损失的人畜共患病的实际频率产生了质疑。在肉眼观察下被认为是包虫病的肺部囊肿，在组织学上被鉴定为血液节点，这是反刍动物常见的淋巴器官，但在本文中首次在牛肺中描述。屠宰场是一个重要的流行病学观察站，特别是对于被忽视的寄生虫病。拥有基本的实验室诊断作为视觉检查的辅助手段，可以确保兽医服务在控制重要的牲畜疾病和人畜共患病方面更加高效，这符合大健康视角。
