Symer Matthew M, Keller Deborah S
Division of Colorectal Surgery, NewYork/Presbyterian-Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Eur J Surg Oncol. 2022 Nov;48(11):2346-2351. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2021.12.468. Epub 2022 Jan 4.
In the pelvis, anatomic complexity and difficulty in visualization and access make surgery a formidable task. Surgeons are prone to work-related musculoskeletal injuries from the frequently poor design and flow of their work environment. This is exacerbated by the strain of surgery in the pelvis. These injuries can result in alterations to a surgeons practice, inadvertent patient injury, and even early retirement. Human factors examines the relationships between the surgeon, their instruments and their environment. By bridging physiology, psychology, and ergonomics, human factors allows a better understanding of some of the challenges posed by pelvic surgery. The operative approach involved (open, laparoscopic, robotic, or perineal) plays an important role in the relevant human factors. Improved understanding of ergonomics can mitigate these risks to surgeons. Other human factors approaches such as standardization, use of checklists, and employing resiliency efforts can all improve patient safety in the operating theatre.
在骨盆区域，解剖结构复杂，可视化和操作难度大，使得手术成为一项艰巨的任务。由于工作环境设计和流程常常不佳，外科医生容易遭受与工作相关的肌肉骨骼损伤。骨盆手术的压力加剧了这种情况。这些损伤可能导致外科医生改变手术方式、意外对患者造成伤害，甚至提前退休。人为因素研究外科医生、他们的器械和工作环境之间的关系。通过将生理学、心理学和人体工程学联系起来，人为因素有助于更好地理解骨盆手术带来的一些挑战。所采用的手术入路（开放手术、腹腔镜手术、机器人手术或会阴手术）在相关人为因素中起着重要作用。更好地理解人体工程学可以降低外科医生面临的这些风险。其他人为因素方法，如标准化、使用检查表以及采取弹性措施，都可以提高手术室中的患者安全。
