Gaillard Romain, Perroud Marjorie, Goyette Stéphane, Kasparian Jérôme
Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, bd Carl Vogt 66, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, Chemin de Pinchat 22, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jan 10;12(1):353. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-04061-6.
The interaction between large inland water bodies and the atmosphere impacts the evolution of regional weather and climate, which in turn affects the lake dynamics, thermodynamics, ice-formation, and, therefore, ecosystems. Over the last decades, various approaches have been used to model lake thermodynamics and dynamics in standalone mode or coupled to numerical atmospheric models. We assess a turbulence-closure [Formula: see text] multi-column lake model in standalone mode as a computationally-efficient alternative to a full three-dimensional hydrodynamic model in the case of Lake Geneva. While it struggles to reproduce some short-term features, the multi-column model reasonably reproduces the seasonal mean of the thermal horizontal and vertical structures governing heat and mass exchanges between the lake surface and the lower atmosphere (stratified period, thermocline depth, stability of the water column). As it requires typically two orders of magnitude less computational ressources, it may allow a two-way coupling with a RCM on timescales or spatial resolutions where full 3D lake models are too demanding.
大型内陆水体与大气之间的相互作用影响着区域天气和气候的演变，而这反过来又会影响湖泊的动力学、热力学、结冰情况，进而影响生态系统。在过去几十年里，人们采用了各种方法来单独模拟湖泊的热力学和动力学，或将其与数值大气模型耦合。我们评估了一种独立模式下的湍流闭合[公式：见正文]多柱湖泊模型，在日内瓦湖的案例中，它是一种计算效率高的替代全三维水动力模型的方法。虽然它难以再现一些短期特征，但多柱模型合理地再现了控制湖面与低层大气之间热量和质量交换的热水平和垂直结构的季节平均值（分层期、温跃层深度、水柱稳定性）。由于它通常需要的计算资源少两个数量级，因此在全三维湖泊模型要求过高的时间尺度或空间分辨率上，它可能允许与区域气候模型进行双向耦合。
