Lučić Mavro, Mikac Nevenka, Vdović Neda, Bačić Niko, Nava Veronica, Vidmar Janja, Milačič Radmila
Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126, Milan, Italy.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 May;29(21):31734-31748. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-17769-9. Epub 2022 Jan 11.
The spatial and temporal variability of dissolved trace elements (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sr, Ti, U, V and Zn) in the upper and middle reaches of the Sava River during two campaigns (2007/2008 and 2017/2018) was examined. The study also included important tributaries and wastewater effluents. No crucial change in metal concentrations in the Sava River water between the two sampling periods was detected. Elements Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Sb and Zn had higher concentrations at several sites in the first period, whereas Ba, Cd and Pb in the second period. The influence of wastewater discharges proved to be negligible. The highest levels of potentially toxic metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Sb, V and Zn) were found downstream of the industrial town of Sisak. Concentration-discharge relationship of dissolved elements showed a chemostatic behaviour for As, Cr, Cu, Sr and V and chemodynamic behaviour for all other elements. The UNMIX model, used to identify and quantify metal sources, indicated that soil weathering was the main source of most elements (Al, As, Ba, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Ni, Sb, Sr and V), with an anthropogenic contribution for Cd, Mo, Pb, Ti and Zn, while Mn and U were associated with colloid formation. The Sava River was defined as moderately polluted regarding metals, whose water quality meets environmental quality standards (EQS). These results may help to better understand the behaviour of dissolved metals in rivers under anthropogenic pressure and to control pollution in the Sava River Basin.
对萨瓦河上游和中游在两个采样时段（2007/2008年和2017/2018年）期间溶解态微量元素（铝、砷、钡、镉、钴、铬、铜、铁、锂、锰、钼、镍、铅、锑、锶、钛、铀、钒和锌）的时空变异性进行了研究。该研究还包括重要支流和废水排放口。未检测到两个采样期之间萨瓦河水中金属浓度的关键变化。元素钴、铬、铜、铁、锑和锌在第一个时期的几个采样点浓度较高，而钡、镉和铅在第二个时期浓度较高。事实证明，废水排放的影响可忽略不计。在工业城镇锡萨克下游发现了潜在有毒金属（镉、铬、铜、锑、钒和锌）的最高含量。溶解态元素的浓度-流量关系表明，砷、铬、铜、锶和钒呈现化学稳定行为，而所有其他元素呈现化学动力学行为。用于识别和量化金属来源的UNMIX模型表明，土壤风化是大多数元素（铝、砷、钡、钴、铜、铁、锂、镍、锑、锶和钒）的主要来源，镉、钼、铅、钛和锌有来自人为活动的贡献，而锰和铀与胶体形成有关。萨瓦河被定义为金属污染程度为中度，其水质符合环境质量标准（EQS）。这些结果可能有助于更好地理解人为压力下河水中溶解态金属的行为，并有助于控制萨瓦河流域的污染。
