Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Neurology Unit, Clinica Neurologica, University of Brescia, P.le Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2022 Jan;34(1):257-260. doi: 10.1007/s40520-021-02042-3. Epub 2022 Jan 11.
Cognitive deficits have been increasingly reported as possible long-term manifestations after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
In this study we aimed at evaluating the factors associated with cognitive deficits 6 months after hospitalization for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).
One hundred and six patients, discharged from a pneumology COVID-19 unit between March 1 and May 30 2020, accepted to be evaluated at 6 months according to an extensive neurological protocol, including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).
Abnormal MoCA scores at 6 months follow-up were associated with higher pre-hospitalization National Health System (NHS) score (Duca et al. in Emerg Med Pract 22:1-2, 2020) (OR 1.27; 95% CI 1.05-1.6; p = 0.029) and more severe pulmonary disease expressed by the Brescia-COVID Respiratory Severity Scale (Duca et al. in Emerg Med Pract 22:1-2, 2020) (BCRSS > 1OR 4.73; 95% CI 1.53-14.63; p = 0.003) during the acute phase of the disease.
This longitudinal study showed that the severity of COVID-19, indicated by BCRSS, and a complex score given by age and premorbid medical conditions, expressed by NHS, play a major role in modulating the long-term cognitive consequences of COVID-19 disease.
These findings indicate that the association of age and premorbid factors might identify people at risk for long-term neurological consequences of COVID-19 disease, thus deserving longer and proper follow-up.
越来越多的研究报告称，SARS-CoV-2 感染后可能出现认知障碍等长期表现。
本研究旨在评估 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）住院 6 个月后与认知障碍相关的因素。
2020 年 3 月 1 日至 5 月 30 日期间，从呼吸科 COVID-19 病房出院的 106 名患者根据广泛的神经学方案（包括蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA））接受 6 个月的评估。
6 个月随访时 MoCA 评分异常与较高的住院前国民健康服务（NHS）评分（Duca 等人，发表于《急诊医学实践》22:1-2，2020 年）（OR 1.27；95%CI 1.05-1.6；p=0.029）和急性疾病期间更严重的肺部疾病（Brescia-COVID 呼吸严重程度评分（Duca 等人，发表于《急诊医学实践》22:1-2，2020 年）（BCRSS>1OR 4.73；95%CI 1.53-14.63；p=0.003）相关。
这项纵向研究表明，由 BCRSS 表示的 COVID-19 严重程度以及由 NHS 表示的年龄和发病前合并症组成的复杂评分在调节 COVID-19 疾病的长期认知后果方面起着重要作用。
这些发现表明，年龄和发病前因素的相关性可能确定了 COVID-19 疾病长期神经后果的高危人群，因此需要更长时间和适当的随访。
