State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2021 Feb 15;4(2):1211-1220. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01567. Epub 2021 Jan 17.
Fluorescent conjugated polymers (CPs) have attracted considerable interest in biosensing owing to their high fluorescence, tunable bandgap, and good biocompatibility. Aiming at acquiring the desired optical responses of CPs for bioapplications, it is essential that the CPs bind to biological targets with high efficacy and affinity. However, the efficient binding of CPs is largely driven by their effective interaction with target surfaces. In this Review, we will focus on the different surface interactions that pervade between CPs and biological targets. The multiple surface interactions can lead to changes in spatial conformation and distribution of CPs, which manifest alterable optical properties of CPs based on accumulation of target-directed CPs, Förster resonance energy transfer mechanism, and metal-enhanced fluorescence mechanism. Then, we display diverse bioapplications applying CPs-based surface interactions, such as cell imaging, imaging-guided detection, and photodynamic therapy. Finally, the challenges and future developments to control the efficient attachment of CPs to biological targets are discussed. We expect that the understanding of surface interactions between CPs and biological targets benefits the CPs-based system design and expands their applications in biological detections and therapies.
荧光共轭聚合物（CPs）由于其高荧光、可调带隙和良好的生物相容性，在生物传感中引起了相当大的兴趣。为了获得 CPs 在生物应用中的所需光学响应，CPs 与生物靶标高效且高亲和力地结合是至关重要的。然而，CPs 的有效结合在很大程度上取决于它们与靶表面的有效相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们将重点讨论 CP 与生物靶标之间存在的不同表面相互作用。这些多种表面相互作用会导致 CPs 的空间构象和分布发生变化，从而基于靶定向 CPs 的积累、Förster 共振能量转移机制和金属增强荧光机制表现出 CPs 光学性质的可变化。然后，我们展示了应用 CPs 基于表面相互作用的多种生物应用，如细胞成像、成像引导检测和光动力疗法。最后，讨论了控制 CPs 与生物靶标有效附着的挑战和未来发展。我们期望对 CPs 与生物靶标之间的表面相互作用的理解有助于 CPs 为基础的系统设计，并扩展它们在生物检测和治疗中的应用。
