Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
Experimental Hematology, Institute of Oncology Research, Hematology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Blood Cancer Discov. 2022 Jan;3(1):5-15. doi: 10.1158/2643-3230.BCD-21-0029. Epub 2021 Sep 30.
Lymphomas are heterogeneous tumors with striking genetic diversity and variable outcomes even within pathologic diagnoses. Treatment response assessment relies on radiologic and nuclear scans, which cannot detect disease at the molecular level. Molecular tumor analyses require invasive tissue biopsies that cannot accurately capture spatial tumor heterogeneity within each patient. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a minimally invasive and highly versatile biomarker that overcomes fundamental limitations of imaging scans and tissue biopsies and may aid clinical decision-making in lymphoma. In this review, we highlight the key established principles regarding ctDNA in lymphoma and emphasize the important research questions and future directions. SIGNIFICANCE: ctDNA is an emerging biomarker for lymphomas that noninvasively provides genotypic information and can measure the effectiveness of treatment by detecting the presence of minimal residual disease. Key principles have emerged related to ctDNA for lymphoma, but further studies are needed to standardize its use and establish clinical utility.
淋巴瘤是具有显著遗传多样性的异质性肿瘤，即使在病理诊断中，其结果也存在差异。治疗反应评估依赖于影像学和核扫描，但这些方法无法在分子水平上检测疾病。分子肿瘤分析需要进行有创的组织活检，但这种方法无法准确捕捉每位患者的肿瘤空间异质性。循环肿瘤 DNA（ctDNA）是一种微创且用途广泛的生物标志物，克服了影像学扫描和组织活检的基本限制，可能有助于淋巴瘤的临床决策。在这篇综述中，我们强调了 ctDNA 在淋巴瘤中已确立的关键原则，并强调了重要的研究问题和未来方向。意义：ctDNA 是一种新兴的淋巴瘤生物标志物，可通过检测微小残留病灶的存在来提供非侵入性的基因型信息，并评估治疗效果。已经出现了与淋巴瘤 ctDNA 相关的关键原则，但需要进一步的研究来标准化其使用并确立其临床效用。
