Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Tob Control. 2023 Sep;32(5):664-666. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-057068. Epub 2022 Jan 11.
Global adoption of standardised packaging requirements for tobacco products is a victory for public health, but their proliferation and impacts rely partly on public support. How this is related to legislation remains underassessed. This study explored change over time in public support for standardised packaging in countries with varying degrees of legislative provisions.
We used data from 27 European countries, collected from 2017 (n=28, 300) and 2020 (n=27, 901) waves of the Eurobarometer survey, to assess self-reported support for standardised packaging regulations among both smokers and non-smokers. Countries were grouped into three categories of policy adoption (policy implemented; policy legislated; no legislation) and changes in support were assessed using multilevel Poisson regression models.
In 2020, public support for standardised packaging was 71% (95% CI 68% to 74%) in countries that implemented standardised packaging legislation, 57% (55% to 60%) in countries that had legislated but not yet implemented legislation and 41% (40%to 42%) in countries with no legislation. Compared with 2017, this represented a relative change of +8% (1% to 15%), +12% (5% to 21%) and -5% (95% CI -2% to -8%), respectively, in the three country categories. Among smokers, there was no indication of change in support across the three groups. Among non-smokers, support increased in countries with existing legislation (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]=1.14, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.23) and decreased in countries with no legislation (aPR=0.93, 0.90 to 0.97).
Public support for standardised packaging regulations increased in countries implementing and legislating for these measures, particularly among non-smokers. An overall increase in support provides reassurance for policymakers defending policy action on tobacco packaging, as well as for those seeking to implement standardised packaging in their own countries. .
全球范围内采用标准化包装要求来管制烟草产品是公共卫生领域的一项胜利，但这些包装的普及和影响在一定程度上依赖于公众的支持。立法与公众支持之间的关系尚未得到充分评估。本研究旨在探讨不同立法程度的国家中，公众对标准化包装的支持随时间的变化情况。
我们使用了来自 2017 年（n=28300）和 2020 年（n=27901）两轮欧洲民意调查的 27 个欧洲国家的数据，评估了吸烟者和非吸烟者对标准化包装法规的自我报告支持情况。根据政策采纳情况，将国家分为三类（政策实施、政策立法、无立法），并使用多层泊松回归模型评估支持率的变化情况。
在实施了标准化包装立法的国家中，2020 年公众对标准化包装的支持率为 71%（95%CI 68%至 74%），在已立法但尚未实施的国家中为 57%（55%至 60%），在没有立法的国家中为 41%（40%至 42%）。与 2017 年相比，这分别代表着在这三个国家类别中相对变化+8%（1%至 15%）、+12%（5%至 21%）和-5%（95%CI -2%至 -8%）。在吸烟者中，这三个国家群体均未显示出支持率的变化。在非吸烟者中，在已有立法的国家中支持率增加（调整后的患病率比[aPR]=1.14，95%CI 1.06 至 1.23），在没有立法的国家中支持率下降（aPR=0.93，0.90 至 0.97）。
在实施和立法这些措施的国家中，公众对标准化包装法规的支持率有所增加，特别是在非吸烟者中。总体上支持率的增加为决策者在烟草包装政策方面提供了信心，也为那些在本国寻求实施标准化包装的人提供了信心。
