Mansouri Amirsalar, Ledwidge Patrick, Sayood Khalid, Molfese Dennis L
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineer, Baldwin Wallace University, Berea, Ohio, USA.
Department of Psychology, Baldwin Wallace University, Berea, Ohio, USA.
Neurotrauma Rep. 2021 Dec 17;2(1):626-638. doi: 10.1089/neur.2021.0047. eCollection 2021.
Cases of concussions in the United States keep increasing and are now up to 2 million to 3 million incidents per year. Although concussions are recoverable and usually not life-threatening, the degree and rate of recovery may vary depending on age, severity of the injury, and past concussion history. A subsequent concussion before full recovery may lead to more-severe brain damage and poorer outcomes. Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings can identify brain dysfunctionality and abnormalities, such as after a concussion. Routine EEG monitoring can be a convenient method for reducing unreported injuries and preventing long-term damage, especially among groups with a greater risk of experiencing a concussion, such as athletes participating in contact sports. Because of the relative availability of EEG compared to other brain-imaging techniques (e.g., functional magnetic resonance imaging), the use of EEG monitoring is growing for various neurological disorders. In this longitudinal study, EEG was analyzed from 4 football athletes before their athletic season and also within 7 days of concussion. Compared to a control group of 4 additional athletes, a concussion was detected with up to 99.5% accuracy using EEG recordings in the band. Classifiers that use data from only a subset of the EEG electrodes providing reliable detection are also proposed. The most effective classifiers used EEG recordings from the scalp region in the band and over the scalp region using the band. This proof-of-concept study and preliminary findings suggest that EEG monitoring may be used to identify a sports-related concussion occurrence with a high level of accuracy and thus reduce the chance of unreported concussion.
美国脑震荡病例持续增加，目前每年达200万至300万起。尽管脑震荡可恢复且通常不会危及生命，但恢复程度和速度可能因年龄、损伤严重程度及既往脑震荡史而异。在完全恢复前再次发生脑震荡可能导致更严重的脑损伤和更差的预后。脑电图（EEG）记录可识别脑功能障碍和异常情况，比如脑震荡后。常规EEG监测可能是一种方便的方法，可减少未报告的损伤并预防长期损害，尤其是在脑震荡风险较高的群体中，如参加接触性运动的运动员。与其他脑成像技术（如功能磁共振成像）相比，由于EEG相对容易获得，EEG监测在各种神经系统疾病中的应用正在增加。在这项纵向研究中，对4名足球运动员在赛季前以及脑震荡后7天内的EEG进行了分析。与另外4名运动员组成的对照组相比，使用频段的EEG记录检测脑震荡的准确率高达99.5%。还提出了仅使用提供可靠检测的EEG电极子集数据的分类器。最有效的分类器使用频段在头皮区域以及频段在头皮区域的EEG记录。这项概念验证研究和初步发现表明，EEG监测可用于高精度识别与运动相关的脑震荡发生情况，从而减少未报告脑震荡的可能性。
