Athena Institute, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Centre for Equity Studies, New Delhi, India.
Glob Public Health. 2022 Nov;17(11):2991-3004. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2021.2023605. Epub 2022 Jan 12.
Due to barriers in accessing and using healthcare services, a large proportion of the care homeless populations receive comes from informal providers. In Delhi, one such informal programme, called Street Medicine, provides healthcare outreach to homeless communities. Clinical practice guidelines are set to be developed for Street Medicine teams in India and form the object of this research. This study uses a social-ecological model to understand the barriers facing Street Medicine teams and the homeless as they attempt to address the latter's healthcare needs; coupling it with an analytical approach which situates these barriers as the issues within practice through which standardisation can take place. A qualitative inquiry, comprising three months of observations of Street Medicine outreach and interviews with over 30 key informants, was conducted between April and July 2018. The analysis identified novel barriers to addressing the needs of homeless individuals, which bely a deficit between the design of health and social care systems and the agency homeless individuals possess within this system to influence their health outcomes. These barriers - which include user-dependent technological inscriptions, collaborating with untargeted providers and the distinct health needs of homeless individuals - are the entry points for standardising, or opening up, Street Medicine practices .
由于在获取和使用医疗保健服务方面存在障碍,很大一部分无家可归者的护理服务来自非正规提供者。在德里,有一个名为“街头医学”的非正规项目,为无家可归者社区提供医疗外展服务。印度的街头医学团队将制定临床实践指南,并成为这项研究的对象。本研究使用社会生态模型来了解街头医学团队和无家可归者在试图满足后者的医疗需求时所面临的障碍;并通过一种分析方法,将这些障碍视为通过标准化可以解决的实践中的问题。这是一项定性研究,包括 2018 年 4 月至 7 月期间对街头医学外展的三个月观察和对 30 多名主要信息提供者的访谈。分析确定了满足无家可归者需求的新障碍,这反映了卫生和社会保健系统的设计与无家可归者在该系统中影响其健康结果的机构之间存在差距。这些障碍——包括依赖用户的技术铭文、与无目标提供者合作以及无家可归者的独特健康需求——是标准化或开放街头医学实践的切入点。