INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY NATIONAL ACADEMY OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES OF UKRAINE, KYIV, UKRAINE.
AZIENDA SANITARIA PROVINCIALE DI AGRIGENTO, AGRIGENTO, SICILIA, ITALY.
Wiad Lek. 2021;74(11 cz 1):2755-2761.
The aim: To investigate the obtaining of psychosocial support by citizens during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine using a cross-sectional study assessing the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents.
Materials and methods: It was developed and used the authors' questionnaire "Socio-psychological support during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine". Data processing used Nonparametric Mann-Whitney analysis of variance and one-way Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance (SPSS 26.0).
Results: The study was conducted from October 2020 to May 2021 and sampled 100 individuals. Significant differences in the studied features are revealed. Gender: women have a more prosperous and broader range of contacts to discuss fears and anxieties during quarantine; suffer more from emotional loss; have more need to be heard and to be taken care of, with no criticism; are more experienced in professional psychological help obtaining; communicate with internal migrants more often. Age: young respondents (19-24 y.o.) suffer more from pandemic losses in the areas of spirituality and friendship; however, more often and more effectively use the means of online psychological support; older respondents are more likely to receive support from an important community and through meditation. Living conditions: living alone, citizens experience more pandemic stress, suffer from losses in personal life and friendship, and consider participation in challenge activities as the most convenient form of support. Place of residence: living in the rural areas is associated with a narrow circle of citizens' contacts to discuss their plans for leisure; more significant damage from pandemic losses in health; lack of support in the form of understanding themselves and their conditions. Education: higher education affects a broader circle of communication; more minor financial losses; willingness to share traumatic stories for art therapy. Financial satisfaction promotes the exchange of ideas between users of online psychological support.
Conclusions: The identified conditionality of psychosocial support obtaining by socio-demographic indicators can be used in the development of psychosocial support interventions during a pandemic for Ukrainian citizens by the public and private sectors, particularly in creating specialized smartphone applications, adapting playback theatre in the online space, creating gender-sensitive online programs to integrate IDPs into local communities.
本研究旨在通过横断面研究评估受访者的社会人口学特征，调查乌克兰公民在 COVID-19 大流行期间获得社会心理支持的情况。
本研究开发并使用了作者的问卷“乌克兰 COVID-19 大流行期间的社会心理支持”。数据处理采用非参数曼-惠特尼方差分析和单向克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯方差分析（SPSS 26.0）。
本研究于 2020 年 10 月至 2021 年 5 月进行，共纳入 100 名个体。研究发现，在所研究的特征中存在显著差异。性别：女性在隔离期间讨论恐惧和焦虑时有更繁荣和更广泛的联系；更易受到情绪损失的影响；更需要被倾听和照顾，而不受批评；更有经验获得专业心理帮助；更常与内部移民交流。年龄：年轻受访者（19-24 岁）在精神和友谊方面遭受的疫情损失更大；然而，更经常且更有效地使用在线心理支持手段；年龄较大的受访者更有可能从重要社区和冥想中获得支持。生活条件：独居的公民经历更多的疫情压力，遭受个人生活和友谊的损失，认为参与挑战活动是最方便的支持形式。居住地：居住在农村地区的公民与讨论休闲计划的公民接触圈子较窄；在健康方面受到更大的疫情损失；缺乏理解自己和自身状况的支持形式。教育：高等教育影响着更广泛的交流圈子；较小的财务损失；愿意为艺术治疗分享创伤故事。财务满意度促进了在线心理支持用户之间的思想交流。
所确定的社会人口学指标获得社会心理支持的条件可用于公共和私营部门为乌克兰公民制定大流行期间的社会心理支持干预措施，特别是在创建专门的智能手机应用程序、在在线空间改编播放剧场、创建对性别敏感的在线方案以帮助国内流离失所者融入当地社区方面。
