Rashed Sami, Vassiliou Anna, Barber James
Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal London Hospital, London, UK.
Barts and the London School of Medicine, London, UK.
Br J Neurosurg. 2022 Jan 13:1-12. doi: 10.1080/02688697.2021.2024506.
Electric (E-)scooters have become increasingly popular as a means of environmentally friendly and convenient urban transport since 2017. Private use and now ride-sharing schemes are seen in major cities across the world. However, safety data are still lacking especially with concerning reports of significant head injuries. We describe early case series from three hospitals, including a major trauma centre, in East London and review the literature describing neurosurgical trauma from E-scooter usage.
Electronic health records were retrospectively searched for terms related to E-Scooters between 2018 and 2021. Eight case series were included and described. A literature search of PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE and Embase for terms 'E-scooter or electric scooter' was also conducted from inception to 6 March 2021. A total of 825 articles were initially reviewed. Following the removal of duplicates and those meeting the exclusion criteria, 29 articles were analysed in full and included in this review.
All cases described a head injury of some nature with over half suffering more severe injuries including cranial fractures (most commonly basal skull) or intracerebral haemorrhages (ICH). Spinal fractures were also seen. All required imaging and admission to the hospital. Only a minority required inpatient neurosurgical intervention above conservative measures but almost all required outpatient follow-up. On review of the literature, head injuries were present in 38.8% of all presentations. The majority of which were minor head injuries or concussions; however, approximately 15% involved ICH or skull fractures, respectively. Spinal injuries were less common. Riding while intoxicated and without a helmet was frequently seen within the literature.
This work offers a foundational text highlighting the frequency and severity of neurotrauma seen with E-scooter usage. Injury is seen in E-scooter riders, passengers and pedestrians alike with dangerous riding behaviours likely contributory. A neurosurgical-specific inquiry is recommended for future research.
自2017年以来，电动滑板车作为一种环保便捷的城市交通方式越来越受欢迎。在世界各地的主要城市都可以看到私人使用电动滑板车，现在还出现了共享滑板车计划。然而，安全数据仍然匮乏，尤其是有关严重头部受伤的报道令人担忧。我们描述了来自东伦敦三家医院（包括一家主要创伤中心）的早期病例系列，并回顾了描述电动滑板车使用导致神经外科创伤的文献。
对2018年至2021年期间的电子健康记录进行回顾性搜索，查找与电动滑板车相关的术语。纳入并描述了八个病例系列。还从创刊至2021年3月6日在PubMed、Ovid MEDLINE和Embase上搜索了“电动滑板车或电动踏板车”相关术语。最初共审查了825篇文章。在去除重复文章和符合排除标准的文章后，对29篇文章进行了全文分析并纳入本综述。
所有病例均描述了某种程度的头部损伤，超过一半的患者遭受更严重的损伤，包括颅骨骨折（最常见的是颅底骨折）或脑内出血（ICH）。也可见脊柱骨折。所有患者都需要进行影像学检查并住院治疗。只有少数患者需要在保守治疗基础上进行住院神经外科干预，但几乎所有患者都需要门诊随访。在回顾文献时，所有就诊病例中有38.8%存在头部损伤。其中大多数是轻度头部损伤或脑震荡；然而，分别约有15%涉及脑内出血或颅骨骨折。脊柱损伤较少见。文献中经常提到在醉酒且未戴头盔的情况下骑行。
这项工作提供了一篇基础文章，突出了电动滑板车使用导致神经创伤的频率和严重程度。电动滑板车骑手、乘客和行人都可能受伤，危险的骑行行为可能是造成伤害的原因。建议未来的研究进行神经外科专项调查。
