From the Department of Plastic surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Ann Plast Surg. 2022 Feb 1;88(2):244-249. doi: 10.1097/SAP.0000000000002835.
Hemangioma is one of the most common benign tumors in infants and young children. The 2 most important cells in the course of infantile hemangioma (IH) are hemangioma stem cells (HemSCs) and hemangioma endothelial cells (HemECs). Infantile hemangioma is characterized by massive proliferation of HemECs, but current studies indicate that HemSCs play an important role in pathogenesis of IH.
This review aimed to identify molecules that influence HemSC differentiation and HemEC proliferation and apoptosis to help clarify the pathogenesis of IH and provide novel drug targets for the treatment of IH.
Relevant basic science studies related to IH were identified by searching Google Scholar, Embase, PubMed, MEDLINE, and peer-reviewed journal articles.
Hemangioma stem cells can differentiate into HemECs, pericytes, and adipocytes. In the proliferating phase of IH, HemSCs mainly differentiate into HemECs and pericytes to promote angiogenesis. In the regressive phase, they mainly differentiate into adipocytes. Therefore, increasing the proportion of HemSCs differentiating into adipocytes, inhibiting the proliferation of HemECs, and promoting the apoptosis of HemECs can facilitate the regression of IH.
血管瘤是婴幼儿最常见的良性肿瘤之一。在婴幼儿血管瘤（IH）的发展过程中，最重要的两种细胞是血管瘤干细胞（HemSCs）和血管瘤内皮细胞（HemECs）。婴幼儿血管瘤的特征是 HemECs 的大量增殖，但目前的研究表明，HemSCs 在 IH 的发病机制中发挥重要作用。
本综述旨在确定影响 HemSC 分化和 HemEC 增殖及凋亡的分子，以帮助阐明 IH 的发病机制，并为 IH 的治疗提供新的药物靶点。
通过在 Google Scholar、Embase、PubMed、MEDLINE 和同行评议的期刊文章中搜索，确定与 IH 相关的基础科学研究。
血管瘤干细胞可分化为 HemECs、周细胞和成脂细胞。在 IH 的增殖期，HemSCs 主要分化为 HemECs 和周细胞以促进血管生成。在消退期，它们主要分化为脂肪细胞。因此，增加 HemSCs 分化为脂肪细胞的比例、抑制 HemECs 的增殖、促进 HemECs 的凋亡可促进 IH 的消退。
