Lindlöf Angelica
School of Bioscience, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden.
Bioinform Biol Insights. 2022 Jan 5;16:11779322211062722. doi: 10.1177/11779322211062722. eCollection 2022.
The hippocampus has been shown to have a major role in learning and memory, but also to participate in the regulation of emotions. However, its specific role(s) in memory is still unclear. Hippocampal damage or dysfunction mainly results in memory issues, especially in the declarative memory but, in animal studies, has also shown to lead to hyperactivity and difficulty in inhibiting responses previously taught. The brain structure is affected in neuropathological disorders, such as Alzheimer's, epilepsy, and schizophrenia, and also by depression and stress. The hippocampus structure is far from mature at birth and undergoes substantial development throughout infant and juvenile life. The aim of this study was to survey genes highly expressed throughout the postnatal period in mouse hippocampus and which have also been linked to an abnormal phenotype through mutational studies to achieve a greater understanding about hippocampal functions during postnatal development. Publicly available gene expression data from C57BL/6 mouse hippocampus was analyzed; from a total of 5 time points (at postnatal day 1, 10, 15, 21, and 30), 547 genes highly expressed in all of these time points were selected for analysis. Highly expressed genes are considered to be of potential biological importance and appear to be multifunctional, and hence any dysfunction in such a gene will most likely have a large impact on the development of abilities during the postnatal and juvenile period. Phenotypic annotation data downloaded from Mouse Genomic Informatics database were analyzed for these genes, and the results showed that many of them are important for proper embryo development and infant survival, proper growth, and increase in body size, as well as for voluntary movement functions, motor coordination, and balance. The results also indicated an association with seizures that have primarily been characterized by uncontrolled motor activity and the development of proper grooming abilities. The complete list of genes and their phenotypic annotation data have been compiled in a file for easy access.
海马体已被证明在学习和记忆中起主要作用，同时也参与情绪调节。然而，其在记忆中的具体作用仍不清楚。海马体损伤或功能障碍主要导致记忆问题，尤其是陈述性记忆方面，但在动物研究中也显示会导致多动以及抑制先前所学反应的困难。在神经病理学疾病中，如阿尔茨海默病、癫痫和精神分裂症，以及抑郁症和压力状态下，大脑结构都会受到影响。海马体结构在出生时远未成熟，在婴儿和青少年时期会经历大量发育。本研究的目的是调查在小鼠海马体出生后整个时期高表达的基因，这些基因通过突变研究也与异常表型相关联，以更深入了解出生后发育过程中海马体的功能。分析了来自C57BL/6小鼠海马体的公开可用基因表达数据；从总共5个时间点（出生后第1、10、15、21和30天）中，选择了在所有这些时间点都高表达的547个基因进行分析。高表达基因被认为具有潜在的生物学重要性，并且似乎具有多种功能，因此此类基因的任何功能障碍很可能会对出生后和青少年时期能力的发展产生重大影响。对从小鼠基因组信息数据库下载的这些基因的表型注释数据进行了分析，结果表明其中许多基因对于胚胎正常发育、婴儿存活、正常生长、体型增加以及自主运动功能、运动协调和平衡都很重要。结果还表明与癫痫有关，癫痫主要表现为不受控制的运动活动以及适当梳理能力的发展。已将基因及其表型注释数据的完整列表汇编成一个文件，以便于查阅。
