美国新冠住院治疗需求的差异：一项纵向分层研究的见解
Disparities in demand for COVID-19 hospital care in the United States: Insights from a longitudinal hierarchical study.
作者信息
Messner Wolfgang
机构信息
Darla Moore School of Business University of South Carolina Columbia South Carolina USA.
出版信息
Health Sci Rep. 2022 Jan 7;5(1):e441. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.441. eCollection 2022 Mar.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
This study examined disparities in hospitalization for COVID-19 within the U.S. by racial and ethnic groups, health insurance status, and social support structure.
METHODS
Using publicly available ecological case and contextual data from July 2020 to April 2021, a longitudinal hierarchical model for the 51 U.S. states was constructed.
RESULTS
Racial/ethnic disparities were observed, such as that hospitalization rates were higher in states with a higher percentage of Black ( = .002, = .009) and American Indian or Alaska Native persons ( = .003, = .03). Conversely, lack of health insurance was related to a lower hospitalization rate ( = -.005, = .002), and so was a stronger social support system ( = -.015, = .05).
CONCLUSION
These differences suggest disparities in COVID-19 incidence, symptom severity, and demand for hospital care. Understanding how they contribute to geographic differences in hospitalization can help guide public health decisions and resource allocation to address COVID-19-related health inequalities.
背景与目的
本研究考察了美国不同种族和族裔群体、健康保险状况及社会支持结构在新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID - 19）住院治疗方面的差异。
方法
利用2020年7月至2021年4月公开的生态病例及背景数据，构建了美国51个州的纵向分层模型。
结果
观察到种族/族裔差异，例如在黑人（P = 0.002，β = 0.009）以及美国印第安人或阿拉斯加原住民比例较高的州，住院率更高（P = 0.003，β = 0.03）。相反，未参保与较低的住院率相关（P = - 0.005，β = 0.002），社会支持系统较强时也是如此（P = - 0.015，β = 0.05）。
结论
这些差异表明在COVID - 19发病率、症状严重程度及住院治疗需求方面存在差异。了解它们如何导致住院治疗的地理差异有助于指导公共卫生决策及资源分配，以解决与COVID - 19相关的健康不平等问题。
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