Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas.
National Center on Homelessness Among Veterans, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Tampa, Florida.
Am J Community Psychol. 2022 Sep;70(1-2):117-126. doi: 10.1002/ajcp.12581. Epub 2022 Jan 14.
This study provisionally examined the effects of the US eviction moratorium instituted in response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Three waves of data collected May 2020-April 2021 from a nationally representative sample of middle- and low-income US tenants (n = 3393 in Wave 1, n = 1311 in Wave 2, and 814 in Wave 3) were analyzed. Across three waves, 4.3% of tenants reported experiencing an eviction during the moratorium and 6%-23% of tenants reported delaying paying rent because of the moratorium. Multivariable analyses found that tenants who delayed paying their rent, were female, or had a history of mental illness or substance use disorder were more likely to report the eviction moratorium had a negative effect on their landlord relationship. COVID-19 infection was not predictive of eviction but tenants with a history of homelessness were more than nine times as likely to report an eviction than those without such a history. Together, these findings suggest the eviction moratorium may have had some unintended consequences on rent payments and tenant-landlord relationships that need to be considered with the end of the federal eviction moratorium.
本研究初步考察了美国为应对 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行而颁布的驱逐禁令的影响。本研究于 2020 年 5 月至 2021 年 4 月期间，从美国中低收入租户的全国代表性样本中收集了三波数据（第 1 波有 3393 名受访者，第 2 波有 1311 名受访者，第 3 波有 814 名受访者）。在这三波数据中，4.3%的租户报告在禁令期间遭遇驱逐，6%-23%的租户报告因禁令而延迟缴纳租金。多变量分析发现，延迟支付租金、女性、有精神病史或药物使用障碍史的租户更有可能报告驱逐禁令对其与房东的关系产生负面影响。COVID-19 感染与驱逐无关，但有流浪史的租户报告被驱逐的可能性是无流浪史租户的九倍以上。这些发现表明，驱逐禁令可能对租金支付和租户与房东的关系产生了一些意想不到的后果，需要在联邦驱逐禁令结束时加以考虑。
