Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
Department of Radiology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
Pain Physician. 2022 Jan;25(1):E127-E132.
Previous studies of variations of the infraorbital foramen (IOF) demonstrated conflicting results regarding to the side and gender in which specific variations occur. Significant differences in some measurement points between genders have been found, whereas, other studies did not report such differences. The presence of an accessory IOF (AIOF) can result in incomplete anesthesia or treatment failure. Previous studies have demonstrated variable results regarding the prevalence of an AIOF ranging from 16.9% to 47.6%.
The purpose of this study was to perform a morphological and morphometric study of the IOF and AIOF based on images of 3-dimensional (3D) facial bone computed tomography (CT) scans.
Retrospective study.
Identification and analysis of patients who have undergone facial bone 3D CT were performed using Clinical Data Warehouse v 2.5 (CDW, Planit Healthcare, Seoul, Korea). The search term that we used with the CDW for analysis was "facial bone 3D CT."First, the region below the infraorbital rim was examined to determine the presence of the IOF and AIOF. Second, the shape of the IOF was determined and categorized as circular or oval. Third, the vertical (VD) and horizontal (HD) diameters of the IOF were determined. Lastly, the distances between important anatomic landmarks and the IOF were measured.
A single IOF with a circular shape was most common. The HD and VD of the IOF were significantly larger in men than in women. The distance between the IOF and the infraorbital margin was similar between men and women. The distances measured from the lateral nasal aperture (LNA) to the IOF and the anterior nasal spine (ANS) to the IOF, at both sides, were significantly shorter in women than in men. The prevalence of the AIOF on the right and left side was 7.3% and 8.9%, respectively. The most commonly observed position of the AIOF was on the inferior medial side of the IOF.
This study had an imbalance in the number of male and female patients.
The size of the IOF was larger in men than in women. The distance of the IOF from the infraorbital margin was similar for men and women, whereas, the distances between the IOF and the ANS and the IOF and LNA were shorter in women than in men.
先前关于眶下孔（IOF）变异的研究在特定变异发生的侧别和性别方面得出了相互矛盾的结果。在性别之间的一些测量点上发现了显著差异，而其他研究则没有报告这种差异。副眶下孔（AIOF）的存在可能导致麻醉不完全或治疗失败。先前的研究表明，AIOF 的发生率存在差异，范围从 16.9%到 47.6%。
本研究旨在通过三维（3D）面部骨计算机断层扫描（CT）图像对 IOF 和 AIOF 进行形态学和形态计量学研究。
回顾性研究。
使用 Clinical Data Warehouse v 2.5（CDW，Planit Healthcare，首尔，韩国）对接受面部骨 3D CT 的患者进行识别和分析。我们在 CDW 中用于分析的搜索词是“面部骨 3D CT”。首先，检查眶下缘下方的区域，以确定 IOF 和 AIOF 的存在。其次，确定 IOF 的形状并将其分类为圆形或椭圆形。第三，确定 IOF 的垂直（VD）和水平（HD）直径。最后，测量重要解剖标志与 IOF 之间的距离。
最常见的是单个具有圆形的 IOF。男性的 IOF 的 HD 和 VD 明显大于女性。男性和女性的 IOF 与眶下缘之间的距离相似。女性两侧从侧鼻孔（LNA）到 IOF 和从前鼻棘（ANS）到 IOF 的距离明显短于男性。右侧和左侧 AIOF 的发生率分别为 7.3%和 8.9%。AIOF 最常见的位置是 IOF 的下内侧。
本研究中男性和女性患者的数量不平衡。
男性 IOF 的尺寸大于女性。男性和女性 IOF 与眶下缘之间的距离相似，而女性 IOF 与 ANS 和 IOF 之间以及 IOF 与 LNA 之间的距离短于男性。
