Suntiruamjairucksa Jiraporn, Chentanez Vilai
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Anat Cell Biol. 2022 Mar 31;55(1):55-62. doi: 10.5115/acb.21.208.
The infraorbital nerve block is used for mid-facial anesthesia. We aim to determine the location of infraorbital foramen (IOF) and accessory infraorbital foramen (AIOF) with reference to anterior nasal spine (ANS) and the lowest point of zygomaticomaxillary junction (Z) and assess the accuracy of the predictive method. Two hundred and sixteen dry skulls were examined. A reference line was drawn from ANS to Z (line A) and its length was measured (distance A). The location of IOF was predicted by using the mean vertical distance from IOF to line A (line B) which was 15.14±1.99 mm and the mean ratio of the distance between ANS and the intersecting point of line B and line A (distance D) to distance A (D:A) which was 63.35%±3.90%. Eighty-six AIOFs were found. Most of them located superomedial to IOF, except for 3 AIOFs which located in the inferolateral position. For localization the AIOF, the mean vertical distance was 19.34±3.36 mm and the mean ratio was 51.8%±5.90%. No statistically significant difference of the predicted distances for both foramens was found between sex and sides. The accuracy of the predictive method was assessed in 15 embalmed cadavers. Predicted IOFs were 50% accurate and the mean distance error of the predicted IOF was 1.10±1.44 mm lateral and 0.59±1.39 mm inferior to the exact IOF. Therefore, this study provides an alternative method for localization of IOF and AIOF which could be useful in clinical settings.
眶下神经阻滞用于面中部麻醉。我们旨在确定眶下孔（IOF）和眶下副孔（AIOF）相对于前鼻棘（ANS）和颧上颌交界最低点（Z）的位置，并评估预测方法的准确性。检查了216个干燥颅骨。从前鼻棘到颧上颌交界最低点绘制一条参考线（A线），并测量其长度（距离A）。通过使用眶下孔到A线的平均垂直距离（B线）预测眶下孔的位置，该距离为15.14±1.99毫米，以及前鼻棘与B线和A线交点之间的距离（距离D）与距离A的平均比值（D:A），该比值为63.35%±3.90%。发现了86个眶下副孔。除3个位于下外侧位置的眶下副孔外，大多数位于眶下孔的内上方。对于眶下副孔的定位，平均垂直距离为19.34±3.36毫米，平均比值为51.8%±5.90%。在性别和两侧之间，两个孔的预测距离没有统计学上的显著差异。在15具防腐尸体上评估了预测方法的准确性。预测的眶下孔准确率为50%，预测的眶下孔平均距离误差为：相对于精确的眶下孔，外侧1.10±1.44毫米，下方0.59±1.39毫米。因此，本研究提供了一种眶下孔和眶下副孔定位的替代方法，在临床环境中可能有用。
