Deguen Séverine, Vasseur Pauline, Kihal-Talantikite Wahida
École des hautes études en santé publique (EHESP), 15 avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France - Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de santé publique (UMRS 1136), Département d'épidémiologie sociale, 75646 Paris Cedex 13, France.
École des hautes études en santé publique (EHESP), 15 avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France.
Med Sci (Paris). 2022 Jan;38(1):75-80. doi: 10.1051/medsci/2021149. Epub 2022 Jan 21.
Today, many epidemiological studies have proved the adverse health consequences of environmental exposure. For instance, air pollution exposure is recognized to be related with respiratory and cardiovascular diseases as well as adverse pregnancy outcomes. Noise nuisances are also known to increase cardiovascular diseases and to disturb the sleeping quality. Inversely, the access and availability of various resources, as parks, green spaces, and playgrounds positively affect health, psychological and physical well-being, and favorable health behaviors. In this present literature review, we will focus on the urban dimension of exposome, defined by Robinson et al. as the accumulation of all urban settings favorable or unfavorable to health, from the time of life in utero [1].
如今,许多流行病学研究已证实环境暴露对健康有不良影响。例如,人们认识到接触空气污染与呼吸道和心血管疾病以及不良妊娠结局有关。噪音干扰也会增加心血管疾病并影响睡眠质量。相反,各种资源的可及性和可用性,如公园、绿地和游乐场,对健康、心理和身体幸福感以及良好的健康行为有积极影响。在本综述中,我们将关注暴露组的城市维度,罗宾逊等人将其定义为从子宫内生活开始时起,所有对健康有利或不利的城市环境的累积[1]。