Department of Radiology, University of Missouri System, 1 Hospital Dr., Columbia, Missouri.
Musculoskeletal Imaging Division, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Clinical Radiology, University of Missouri System, Columbia, Missouri.
J Knee Surg. 2022 Apr;35(5):482-490. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1741391. Epub 2022 Jan 21.
Initial imaging evaluation for a variety of knee pathologies often begins with a radiographic series. Depending on the specific indication, this will include at least two different projections of the knee. In most cases, these are the anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of the affected knee, and sometimes with the contralateral knee for comparison. Typically, knee pathologies visible on lateral view can also be appreciated on the anteroposterior view. However, several pathologic processes occur in anatomic locations typically obscured on other projections because of superimposed osseous structures. Examples of these pathologies include injuries involving the quadriceps or patellar tendons, avulsion fractures involving anterior or posterior structures, and many soft-tissue injuries. Knowledge of the relevant anatomy and typical pathologies typically visualized on the lateral radiograph of the knee is imperative to avoid overlooking these disease processes.
对于各种膝关节病变，初始影像学评估通常从放射学系列开始。根据具体的适应证，这将至少包括膝关节的两个不同投照位。在大多数情况下，这些是受影响膝关节的前后位和侧位 X 线片，有时还包括对侧膝关节以作比较。通常，在侧位片上可见的膝关节病变也可以在前位片上观察到。然而，由于重叠的骨结构，其他投照位上通常会掩盖一些解剖部位的病变。这些病变的例子包括涉及股四头肌或髌腱的损伤、涉及前或后结构的撕脱性骨折，以及许多软组织损伤。了解膝关节侧位 X 线片上常见的相关解剖结构和典型病变对于避免漏诊这些疾病过程至关重要。
