CSIRO, Agriculture and Food, 671 Sneydes Road, Werribee, Vic 3030, Australia; CSIRO, Space Technology Future Science Platform, 41 Boggo Road, Dutton Park, Qld 4102, Australia.
CSIRO, Agriculture and Food, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia; CSIRO, Space Technology Future Science Platform, 41 Boggo Road, Dutton Park, Qld 4102, Australia.
Life Sci Space Res (Amst). 2022 Feb;32:79-95. doi: 10.1016/j.lssr.2021.12.003. Epub 2021 Dec 18.
At present, human spaceflight is confined to low Earth orbit but, in future, will again go to the Moon and, beyond, to Mars. The provision of food during these extended missions will need to meet the special nutritional and psychosocial needs of the crew. Terrestrially grown and processed food products, currently provided for consumption by astronauts/cosmonauts, have not yet been systematically optimised to maintain their nutritional integrity and reach the shelf-life necessary for extended space voyages. Notably, space food provisions for Mars exploration will be subject to extended exposure to galactic cosmic radiation and solar particle events, the impact of which is not fully understood. In this review, we provide a summary of the existing knowledge about current space food products, the impact of radiation and storage on food composition, the identification of radiolytic biomarkers and identify gaps in our knowledge that are specific in relation to the effect of the cosmic radiation on food in space.
目前，人类的太空飞行仅限于近地轨道，但将来会再次登月，并进一步前往火星。在这些长时间的任务中，提供食物将需要满足机组人员特殊的营养和心理社会需求。目前为宇航员提供的在地球上种植和加工的食品产品尚未进行系统优化，以保持其营养完整性，并达到延长太空航行所需的保质期。值得注意的是，火星探测的太空食品供应将受到长时间暴露于银河宇宙辐射和太阳粒子事件的影响，其影响尚未完全了解。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前关于太空食品的现有知识，包括辐射和储存对食物成分的影响、辐射分解生物标志物的识别，以及与宇宙辐射对太空食品影响相关的知识空白。
