Inserm U1151/Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), Université de Paris, Paris, France.
Urology Department, Hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
Nat Rev Urol. 2022 Apr;19(4):201-218. doi: 10.1038/s41585-021-00561-2. Epub 2022 Jan 25.
Stem and progenitor cells of the adult prostate epithelium have historically been believed to reside mainly or exclusively within the basal cell compartment and to possess basal-like phenotypic characteristics. Within the past decade, evidence of the existence of luminal epithelial cells exhibiting stem/progenitor properties has been obtained by lineage tracing and by functional characterization of sorted luminal-like cells. In 2020, the boom of single-cell transcriptomics led to increasingly exhaustive profiling of putative mouse luminal progenitor cells and, importantly, to the identification of cognate cells in the human prostate. The enrichment of luminal progenitor cells in genetically modified mouse models of prostate inflammation, benign prostate hypertrophy and prostate cancer, and the intrinsic castration tolerance of these cells, suggest their potential role in prostate pathogenesis and in resistance to androgen deprivation therapy. This Review bridges different approaches that have been used in the field to characterize luminal progenitor cells, including the unification of multiple identifiers employed to define these cells (names and markers). It also provides an overview of the intrinsic functional properties of luminal progenitor cells, and addresses their relevance in mouse and human prostate pathophysiology.
前列腺上皮的成体干细胞和祖细胞传统上被认为主要或完全位于基底细胞区室中，并具有基底样表型特征。在过去的十年中，通过谱系追踪和对分选的腔上皮样细胞进行功能特征分析，获得了存在具有干细胞/祖细胞特性的腔上皮细胞的证据。2020 年，单细胞转录组学的蓬勃发展导致对潜在的小鼠腔上皮祖细胞进行了越来越详尽的分析，重要的是，还鉴定了人前列腺中的同源细胞。在前列腺炎症、良性前列腺增生和前列腺癌的基因修饰小鼠模型中，腔上皮祖细胞的富集以及这些细胞的内在去势耐受，提示它们可能在前列腺发病机制和抵抗雄激素剥夺治疗中发挥作用。本综述弥合了该领域中用于表征腔上皮祖细胞的不同方法，包括统一用于定义这些细胞的多个标识符（名称和标记物）。它还概述了腔上皮祖细胞的内在功能特性，并讨论了它们在小鼠和人前列腺病理生理学中的相关性。
