Laboratório de Bioquímica Metabólica (LBM), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DECBI), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Laboratório Multiusuário de Pesquisa, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2022 Apr;159:106622. doi: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2022.106622. Epub 2022 Jan 25.
The incidence of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders has increased worldwide. Clinical and experimental research has shown that the consumption of ω-3 FAs can be beneficial to metabolism in several ways, as they can act on metabolic pathways. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of treatment with linseed oil, a vegetable oil rich in alpha-linolenic acid, and EPA and DHA in different proportions (3:1 EPA:DHA, and 1:3 EPA:DHA), on the metabolic disorders induced by a high-fat diet (20 % lipids) in rats for 2 weeks, after 18 weeks of consumption of a high-fat diet. In 18 weeks, the high-fat diet increased blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride concentration in the liver and adipose tissue, and impaired insulin sensibility without interfering in the weight of the animals. All treatments were effective in reducing the deposition of hepatic type III collagen, the proportion of ω-6/ω-3 in the liver and WAT (white adipose tissue), the proportion of area/number of adipocytes, and the gene expression of the ACC, FAS, and CPT1 enzymes. In addition, treatment with EPA and DHA reduced blood glucose, serum TNF-α concentration, amount of liver fat, degree of microsteatosis and type I collagen deposition in the liver, deposition of type I and III collagen in TA, gene expression of the transcription factor SREBP-1c, and increased hepatic binucleation. EPA in major proportion was more effective in reducing the area of adipocytes, hepatic triglyceride concentration, PPAR-α expression, and WAT fat weight. DHA in a major proportion reduced the concentration of MCP1 in WAT. LO treatment did not have any isolated effects. We concluded that EPA and DHA were more effective in treating metabolic damage than treatment with LO, leading to a more favorable metabolic profile.
心血管疾病和代谢紊乱的发病率在全球范围内有所增加。临床和实验研究表明，ω-3 FAs 的消耗可以通过多种方式有益于代谢，因为它们可以作用于代谢途径。我们的目的是评估亚麻籽油（一种富含 α-亚麻酸的植物油）和 EPA 和 DHA 以不同比例（EPA:DHA 为 3:1 和 1:3）治疗高脂饮食（20%脂质）诱导的代谢紊乱的效果在大鼠中，在 18 周的高脂肪饮食后，连续 2 周。在 18 周的时间里，高脂肪饮食会导致血糖、收缩压、肝和脂肪组织中的甘油三酯浓度升高，并损害胰岛素敏感性，而不会影响动物的体重。所有治疗方法都能有效减少肝型 III 型胶原的沉积、肝和 WAT（白色脂肪组织）中 ω-6/ω-3 的比例、脂肪细胞的面积/数量比例以及 ACC、FAS 和 CPT1 酶的基因表达。此外，EPA 和 DHA 的治疗降低了血糖、血清 TNF-α 浓度、肝脂肪量、肝脂肪变性程度和 I 型胶原沉积、TA 中的 I 型和 III 型胶原沉积、转录因子 SREBP-1c 的基因表达，并增加了肝双核。以主要比例存在的 EPA 更有效地减少脂肪细胞的面积、肝甘油三酯浓度、PPAR-α 表达和 WAT 脂肪重量。以主要比例存在的 DHA 降低了 WAT 中 MCP1 的浓度。单独使用 LO 治疗没有任何效果。我们得出结论，EPA 和 DHA 比 LO 更有效地治疗代谢损伤，导致更有利的代谢谱。
