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短期日间限时喂养高盐饮食大鼠会损害钠排泄的昼夜变化。

Short-term daytime restricted feeding in rats with high salt impairs diurnal variation of Na excretion.

机构信息

Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.

Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.

出版信息

Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2022 Mar 1;322(3):F335-F343. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00287.2021. Epub 2022 Jan 31.

Abstract

Night shift work increases risk of cardiovascular disease associated with an irregular eating schedule. Elevating this risk is the high level of salt intake observed in the typical Western diet. Renal Na excretion has a distinct diurnal pattern, independent of time of intake, yet the interactions between the time of intake and the amount of salt ingested are not clear. The hypothesis of the present study was that limiting food intake to the typically inactive period in addition to high-salt (HS) feeding will disrupt the diurnal rhythm of renal Na excretion. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were placed on either normal-salt (NS; 0.49% NaCl) or HS (4% NaCl) diets. Rats were housed in metabolic cages and allowed food ad libitum and then subjected to inactive period time-restricted feeding (iTRF) for 5 days. As expected, rats fed NS and allowed food ad libitum had a diurnal pattern of Na excretion. The diurnal pattern of Na excretion was not significantly different after 5 days of iTRF compared with ad libitum rats. In response to HS, the diurnal pattern of Na excretion was similar to NS-fed rats. However, this pattern was attenuated after 5 days of HS iTRF. The diurnal excretion pattern of urinary aldosterone was abolished in both NS iTRF and HS iTRF rats. These data support the hypothesis that HS intake combined with iTRF impairs circadian mechanisms associated with renal Na excretion. Timing of food intake normally has little effect on the diurnal pattern of Na and water excretion. However, rats on a high-salt diet were unable to maintain this pattern, yet K excretion was more readily adjusted to match timing of intake. These data support the hypothesis that Na and water homeostasis are impacted by timing of high-salt diets.

摘要

夜班工作增加了与不规律进食时间表相关的心血管疾病风险。在典型的西方饮食中,盐摄入量高进一步增加了这种风险。肾钠排泄具有明显的昼夜节律,与摄入时间无关,但摄入时间和摄入盐量之间的相互作用尚不清楚。本研究的假设是,除了高盐(HS)喂养外,将食物摄入量限制在通常不活跃的时期,将破坏肾钠排泄的昼夜节律。雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠分别给予正常盐(NS;0.49%NaCl)或 HS(4%NaCl)饮食。大鼠被安置在代谢笼中,自由进食,然后进行不活跃期限时喂养(iTRF)5 天。正如预期的那样,给予 NS 并自由进食的大鼠具有昼夜模式的钠排泄。与自由进食的大鼠相比,iTRF 5 天后,钠排泄的昼夜模式没有明显差异。对 HS 的反应,钠排泄的昼夜模式与 NS 喂养的大鼠相似。然而,这种模式在 HS iTRF 5 天后减弱。在 NS iTRF 和 HS iTRF 大鼠中,尿醛固酮的昼夜排泄模式被消除。这些数据支持这样的假设,即 HS 摄入与 iTRF 相结合会损害与肾钠排泄相关的昼夜机制。通常,食物摄入的时间对钠和水排泄的昼夜模式影响很小。然而,高盐饮食的大鼠无法维持这种模式,而 K 排泄更容易根据摄入时间进行调整。这些数据支持这样的假设,即钠和水的动态平衡受到高盐饮食时间的影响。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/97a7/8896996/cc75486fa8e1/f-00287-2021r01.jpg

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