Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan.
Nutrients. 2023 Mar 30;15(7):1679. doi: 10.3390/nu15071679.
Excess sodium intake and insufficient potassium intake are a prominent global issue because of their influence on high blood pressure. Supplementation of potassium induces kaliuresis and natriuresis, which partially explains its antihypertensive effect. Balancing of minerals takes place in the kidney and is controlled by the circadian clock; in fact, various renal functions exhibit circadian rhythms. In our previous research, higher intake of potassium at lunch time was negatively associated with blood pressure, suggesting the importance of timing for sodium and potassium intake. However, the effects of intake timing on urinary excretion remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of 24 h urinary sodium and potassium excretion after acute sodium and potassium load with different timings in mice. Compared to other timings, the middle of the active phase resulted in higher urinary sodium and potassium excretion. In mutant mice, in which the circadian clock is genetically disrupted, urinary excretion differences from intake timings were not observed. Restricted feeding during the inactive phase reversed the excretion timing difference, suggesting that a feeding-induced signal may cause this timing difference. Our results indicate that salt intake timing is important for urinary sodium and potassium excretion and provide new perspectives regarding hypertension prevention.
钠摄入过量和钾摄入不足是一个突出的全球性问题，因为它们会影响高血压。钾的补充会引起尿钾和尿钠排泄，这部分解释了其降压作用。矿物质的平衡发生在肾脏中，并受生物钟控制；事实上，各种肾功能都表现出昼夜节律。在我们之前的研究中，午餐时摄入更多的钾与血压呈负相关，这表明钠和钾摄入的时间安排很重要。然而，摄入时间对尿排泄的影响仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们在小鼠中研究了不同时间点急性钠钾负荷后 24 小时尿钠和钾排泄的影响。与其他时间点相比，活动期中期导致尿钠和钾排泄增加。在生物钟基因被破坏的突变小鼠中，没有观察到尿排泄与摄入时间的差异。在非活动期限制进食逆转了排泄时间的差异，这表明进食诱导的信号可能导致这种时间差异。我们的结果表明，盐的摄入时间对尿钠和尿钾的排泄很重要，并为高血压的预防提供了新的视角。
