Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Department of Forensic medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 Apr;105:108568. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108568. Epub 2022 Jan 29.
There is a global increase in daily dietary intake of acrylamide (ACR) owing to its presence in various foods. However, several toxicological issues are still unclear, particularly after oral exposure to low doses for long durations. As a result, the objective of this research was to investigate the effects of giving male Wistar rats two dosages of ACR (1 or 2 mg/kg b.wt.) via oral gavage once a day for 90 days on blood components, immune markers, and splenic tissue. The results revealed that leukopenia, lymphocytopenia, eosinophilia, and thrombocytopenia were all found to be ACR dose-dependent. In addition, ACR-treated rats had considerably higher IgG and IgM levels. Following ACR exposure, phagocytic activity, lysozyme, and nitric oxide levels were significantly reduced. In ACR-exposed rats, there was a significant reduction in lymphocyte proliferation but an increase in LDH activity. Both splenic tissue and bone marrow showed a variety of degenerative changes. There was a significant increase in CD4 and CD8 immunolabeling. Rats exposed to ACR at both levels showed a significant rise in comet variables. Overall, our findings suggested that long-term exposure to ACR could cause hematological disorders, DNA damage, and disturbances of immune functions.
由于丙烯酰胺（ACR）存在于各种食物中，因此全球每日饮食中丙烯酰胺的摄入量不断增加。然而，一些毒理学问题仍不清楚，特别是在长期口服低剂量的情况下。因此，本研究的目的是研究雄性 Wistar 大鼠经口灌胃给予两种剂量（1 或 2mg/kg b.wt.）ACR，每天一次，连续 90 天对血液成分、免疫标志物和脾脏组织的影响。结果表明，白细胞减少症、淋巴细胞减少症、嗜酸性粒细胞增多症和血小板减少症均与 ACR 剂量呈依赖性。此外，ACR 处理组大鼠的 IgG 和 IgM 水平明显升高。ACR 暴露后，吞噬活性、溶菌酶和一氧化氮水平显著降低。在 ACR 暴露的大鼠中，淋巴细胞增殖减少，但 LDH 活性增加。脾脏组织和骨髓均表现出多种退行性变化。CD4 和 CD8 免疫标记明显增加。两种水平的 ACR 暴露大鼠的彗星变量均显著增加。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，长期接触 ACR 可能导致血液系统紊乱、DNA 损伤和免疫功能紊乱。
