Rodriguez-Lopez Victor, Dorronsoro Carlos
Institute of Optics, Spanish National Research Council (IO-CSIC).
2 Eyes Vision SL, Madrid, Spain.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2022 May 1;33(3):228-234. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000834. Epub 2022 Jan 31.
The evaluation of refractive error is probably the most important and common procedure in eye care. The gold standard method for evaluating refractive error is subjective refraction, a process that has not significantly changed in 200years. This article aims to review recent technologies and novel approaches attempting to improve this traditional procedure.
From laboratory prototypes to commercial instruments, the proposed methods aim to perform reliable and fast subjective refractions, following different approaches: using motorized phoropters in combination with automatic algorithms or even self-refraction, hybridizing objective and subjective measurements within the same instruments, or using new visual tasks beyond letter identification of blur estimation to obtain the refractive error subjectively.
The current trend in subjective refraction is to overcome the traditional manual blur reduction method, using automatic and self-refraction instruments, which can provide faster measurements with lower variability. Many of the technologies reported here are already in the market, and some have the potential of becoming the new standard in subjective refraction.
屈光不正的评估可能是眼科护理中最重要且最常见的程序。评估屈光不正的金标准方法是主观验光，这一过程在200年里并无显著变化。本文旨在综述近期试图改进这一传统程序的技术和新方法。
从实验室原型到商业仪器，所提出的方法旨在采用不同途径进行可靠且快速的主观验光：将电动验光仪与自动算法甚至自我验光相结合；在同一仪器内将客观测量与主观测量相结合；或者使用除了通过字母识别模糊估计之外的新视觉任务来主观获取屈光不正。
主观验光的当前趋势是克服传统的手动减少模糊方法，使用自动和自我验光仪器，这些仪器可以提供更快的测量且变异性更低。这里报道的许多技术已经投放市场，有些有潜力成为主观验光的新标准。
