Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary.
Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary.
J Exp Bot. 2022 Mar 15;73(6):1717-1734. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erac030.
Iron (Fe) is an essential transition metal. Based on its redox-active nature under biological conditions, various Fe compounds serve as cofactors in redox enzymes. In plants, the photosynthetic machinery has the highest demand for Fe. In consequence, the delivery and incorporation of Fe into cofactors of the photosynthetic apparatus is the focus of Fe metabolism in leaves. Disturbance of foliar Fe homeostasis leads to impaired biosynthesis of chlorophylls and composition of the photosynthetic machinery. Nevertheless, mitochondrial function also has a significant demand for Fe. The proper incorporation of Fe into proteins and cofactors as well as a balanced intracellular Fe status in leaf cells require the ability to sense Fe, but may also rely on indirect signals that report on the physiological processes connected to Fe homeostasis. Although multiple pieces of information have been gained on Fe signalling in roots, the regulation of Fe status in leaves has not yet been clarified in detail. In this review, we give an overview on current knowledge of foliar Fe homeostasis, from the chemical forms to the allocation and sensing of Fe in leaves.
铁（Fe）是一种必需的过渡金属。根据其在生物条件下的氧化还原活性，各种 Fe 化合物作为氧化还原酶的辅助因子。在植物中，光合作用装置对 Fe 的需求最高。因此，Fe 向光合作用装置辅助因子的传递和掺入是叶片中 Fe 代谢的重点。叶内 Fe 动态平衡的破坏会导致叶绿素生物合成和光合作用装置组成受损。然而，线粒体功能对 Fe 的需求也很大。Fe 正确掺入蛋白质和辅助因子以及叶细胞内的平衡细胞内 Fe 状态需要感应 Fe 的能力，但也可能依赖于报告与 Fe 动态平衡相关的生理过程的间接信号。尽管已经获得了关于根系 Fe 信号转导的大量信息，但叶片中 Fe 状态的调节尚未详细阐明。在这篇综述中，我们概述了叶片 Fe 动态平衡的最新知识，从化学形式到叶片中 Fe 的分配和感应。
