Ip Ka I, Sisk Lucinda M, Horien Corey, Conley May I, Rapuano Kristina M, Rosenberg Monica D, Greene Abigail S, Scheinost Dustin, Constable R Todd, Casey B J, Baskin-Sommers Arielle, Gee Dylan G
Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2022 Sep 1;34(10):1810-1841. doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_01826.
Exposure to socioeconomic disadvantages (SED) can have negative impacts on mental health, yet SED are a multifaceted construct and the precise processes by which SED confer deleterious effects are less clear. Using a large and diverse sample of preadolescents (ages 9-10 years at baseline, n = 4038, 49% female) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study, we examined associations among SED at both household (i.e., income-needs and material hardship) and neighborhood (i.e., area deprivation and neighborhood unsafety) levels, frontoamygdala resting-state functional connectivity, and internalizing symptoms at baseline and 1-year follow-up. SED were positively associated with internalizing symptoms at baseline and indirectly predicted symptoms 1 year later through elevated symptoms at baseline. At the household level, youth in households characterized by higher disadvantage (i.e., lower income-to-needs ratio) exhibited more strongly negative frontoamygdala coupling, particularly between the bilateral amygdala and medial OFC (mOFC) regions within the frontoparietal network. Although more strongly positive amygdala-mOFC coupling was associated with higher levels of internalizing symptoms at baseline and 1-year follow-up, it did not mediate the association between income-to-needs ratio and internalizing symptoms. However, at the neighborhood level, amygdala-mOFC functional coupling moderated the effect of neighborhood deprivation on internalizing symptoms. Specifically, higher neighborhood deprivation was associated with higher internalizing symptoms for youth with more strongly positive connectivity, but not for youth with more strongly negative connectivity, suggesting a potential buffering effect. Findings highlight the importance of capturing multilevel socioecological contexts in which youth develop to identify youth who are most likely to benefit from early interventions.
暴露于社会经济劣势（SED）可能会对心理健康产生负面影响，但SED是一个多方面的概念，SED产生有害影响的确切过程尚不清楚。利用来自青少年大脑认知发展研究的大量且多样化的青春期前儿童样本（基线年龄为9 - 10岁，n = 4038，49%为女性），我们研究了家庭层面（即收入需求和物质困难）和邻里层面（即地区贫困和邻里不安全）的SED、额颞叶静息态功能连接以及基线和1年随访时的内化症状之间的关联。SED与基线时的内化症状呈正相关，并通过基线时症状的升高间接预测1年后的症状。在家庭层面，处于较高劣势（即收入需求比低）家庭的青少年表现出更强的额颞叶负性耦合，特别是在双侧杏仁核与额顶叶网络内的内侧眶额皮质（mOFC）区域之间。尽管更强的正性杏仁核 - mOFC耦合与基线和1年随访时更高水平的内化症状相关，但它并未介导收入需求比与内化症状之间的关联。然而，在邻里层面，杏仁核 - mOFC功能耦合调节了邻里贫困对内化症状的影响。具体而言，邻里贫困程度较高与连接性更强为正的青少年的内化症状较高相关，但与连接性更强为负的青少年无关，这表明存在潜在的缓冲效应。研究结果强调了捕捉青少年成长所处的多层次社会生态背景对于识别最有可能从早期干预中受益的青少年的重要性。
