Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh.
Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2022 Mar;147:112668. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112668. Epub 2022 Jan 29.
Depression is the most prevalent and debilitating mental disorder that affects a substantial number of people globally, hindering all aspects of their lives and leading to a high number of suicides each year. Despite the availability of an array of antidepressant medications, taking these medications does not relieve depressive symptoms in a considerable number of patients, implying that an incomplete understanding of the pathomechanisms involved in the development of depression. Besides that, a subset of those non-responsive patients exhibits an increased systemic and central inflammatory response, which has collectively led to the evolvement of the inflammatory theory of depression. Indeed, peripherally generated inflammatory mediators, as well as insults within the brain, can activate the brain's resident immune cells, resulting in a neuroinflammatory response that interferes with the multitude of neurobiological domains implicated in the pathogenesis of depression. Polyphenols, a group of plant-derived bioactive molecules, have been shown to exert neuroprotective functions on the brain by influencing an array of neuropathological mechanisms, including neuroinflammation. From these perspectives, this review mechanistically provides an overview of the neuropathological roles of sustained neuroinflammatory response in the development of depression and elucidates the therapeutic potential of flavonoid and nonflavonoid polyphenols in modulating inflammatory mediators and signaling cascades as well as promoting other neurophysiological and neuroprotective functions underlying inflammation-associated depressive symptoms. Therefore, given their significant anti-neuroinflammatory effects, polyphenols could be a promising and effective adjunctive therapy for the treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with inflammation-related depression.
抑郁症是一种最常见且使人虚弱的精神障碍，它影响着全球大量人群，妨碍他们生活的各个方面，并导致每年都有大量的自杀事件发生。尽管有各种各样的抗抑郁药物，但这些药物并不能缓解相当数量的患者的抑郁症状，这意味着人们对抑郁症发展过程中涉及的病理机制的理解还不完整。除此之外，一部分没有反应的患者表现出系统性和中枢性炎症反应增加，这共同导致了抑郁症炎症理论的发展。事实上，外周产生的炎症介质以及大脑内的损伤可以激活大脑中固有的免疫细胞，导致神经炎症反应，从而干扰与抑郁症发病机制相关的众多神经生物学领域。多酚是一组植物源性生物活性分子，它们通过影响多种神经病理机制，包括神经炎症，对大脑发挥神经保护作用。从这些角度来看，本综述从机制上概述了持续的神经炎症反应在抑郁症发展中的神经病理作用，并阐明了类黄酮和非类黄酮多酚在调节炎症介质和信号级联以及促进与炎症相关的抑郁症状相关的其他神经生理和神经保护功能方面的治疗潜力。因此，鉴于多酚具有显著的抗神经炎症作用，它们可能是治疗与炎症相关的抑郁症相关神经精神症状的一种有前途且有效的辅助治疗方法。
