Health Economics Group, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Health Economics Group, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
BMJ Open. 2022 Feb 1;12(2):e053115. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053115.
Medication errors are common in hospitals. These errors can result in adverse drug events (ADEs), which can reduce the health and well-being of patients', and their relatives and caregivers. Interventions have been developed to reduce medication errors, including those that occur at the administration stage.
We aimed to elicit willingness-to-pay (WTP) values to prevent hospital medication administration errors.
An online, contingent valuation (CV) survey was conducted, using the random card-sort elicitation method, to elicit WTP to prevent medication errors.
A representative sample of the UK public.
Seven medication error scenarios, varying in the potential for harm and the severity of harm, were valued. Scenarios were developed with input from: clinical experts, focus groups with members of the public and piloting. Mean and median WTP values were calculated, excluding protest responses or those that failed a logic test. A two-part model (logit, generalised linear model) regression analysis was conducted to explore predictive characteristics of WTP.
Responses were collected from 1001 individuals. The proportion of respondents willing to pay to prevent a medication error increased as the severity of the ADE increased and was highest for scenarios that described actual harm occurring. Mean WTP across the scenarios ranged from £45 (95% CI £36 to £54) to £278 (95% CI £200 to £355). Several factors influenced both the value and likelihood of WTP, such as: income, known experience of medication errors, sex, field of work, marriage status, education level and employment status. Predictors of WTP were not, however, consistent across scenarios.
This CV study highlights how the UK public value preventing medication errors. The findings from this study could be used to carry out a cost-benefit analysis which could inform implementation decisions on the use of technology to reduce medication administration errors in UK hospitals.
我们旨在确定预防医院用药错误的意愿支付（WTP）值。
采用在线随机卡片分类 elicitation 方法进行了一项基于意愿的 contingent valuation（CV）调查，以确定预防用药错误的 WTP 值。
英国公众的代表性样本。
对 7 种用药错误情况进行了估值，这些情况在潜在危害和危害严重程度上有所不同。情景是在临床专家、公众焦点小组的投入下制定的，并进行了试点。排除抗议性反应或不符合逻辑测试的反应后，计算了 WTP 的平均值和中位数。采用二部分模型（logit，广义线性模型）回归分析来探讨 WTP 的预测特征。
从 1001 名个体中收集了回复。随着 ADE 严重程度的增加，愿意支付以预防用药错误的受访者比例增加，对于描述实际发生危害的情况，这一比例最高。在所有情况下，WTP 的平均值范围从 45 英镑（95%CI 36 至 54 英镑）到 278 英镑（95%CI 200 至 355 英镑）不等。一些因素影响了 WTP 的价值和可能性，例如：收入、已知的用药错误经历、性别、工作领域、婚姻状况、教育水平和就业状况。然而，WTP 的预测因素在不同情况下并不一致。
这项 CV 研究强调了英国公众对预防用药错误的重视程度。这项研究的结果可用于进行成本效益分析，从而为在英国医院使用技术减少用药管理错误的实施决策提供信息。
